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External Audit - 2022/23 Annual Plan

Argyll and Bute Council · 16 March 2023
Back to Audit and Scrutiny Committee — 16 March 2023 and its agenda

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Audit Progress Report

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1. Audit progress
2. Wider scope and Best Value
3. ISA (UK) 315 (Revised 2019)
Contents
This document is to be regarded as confidential to Argyll and Bute Council. It has been prepared for the sole use of the Argyll and Bute Council. No responsibility is accepted to any other person in respect of the whole or part of its contents. Our
written consent must first be obtained before this document, or any part of it, is disclosed to a third party.

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Section 01:
Audit Progress

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We are delighted to have been engaged to perform the audit of the Argyll and Bute Council (the Council). 
Audit scope
Our audit approach is designed to provide an audit that complies with all professional requirements.
Our audit of the financial statements will be conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK), relevant ethical and professional standards, our own audit approach and in
accordance with the terms of our engagement. Our work is focused on those aspects of your activities which we consider to have a higher risk of material misstatement, such as those impacted by
management judgement and estimation, application of new accounting standards, changes of accounting policy, changes to operations or areas which have been found to contain material errors in
he past.
Audit approach
Our audit approach is risk-based and primarily driven by the issues that we consider lead to a higher risk of material misstatement of the accounts. Once we have completed our risk assessment,
we develop our audit strategy and design audit procedures in response to the risks identified.
If we conclude that appropriately-designed controls are in place then we may plan to test and rely upon these controls. If we decide controls are not appropriately designed, or we decide it would
be more efficient to do so, we may take a wholly substantive approach to our audit testing. Substantive procedures are audit procedures designed to detect material misstatements at the assertion
level and comprise: tests of details (of classes of transactions, account balances, and disclosures); and substantive analytical procedures. Irrespective of the assessed risks of material
misstatement, which take into account our evaluation of the operating effectiveness of controls, we are required to design and perform substantive procedures for each material class of
transactions, account balance, and disclosure.
Our audit will be planned and performed so as to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement and give a true and fair view.
The diagram on page 6 outlines the procedures we perform at the different stages of the audit.
1. Audit progress
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Status of the audit
Our planning work for the 2022/23 audit is underway. As part of our planning, we have met with the predecessor auditor (Audit Scotland), reviewed the prior year audit files and met with finance
officers and internal audit in order to discuss the timetable, systems and potential risks. We will continue to have regular catch up meetings with officers as the audit progresses.
We intend to bring our Audit Strategy Memorandum to the next meeting of the Audit and Scrutiny Committee (the Committee) meeting. However, we felt that members of the Committee would
benefit from an early view of the draft timeline for the 2022/23 audit.
We will agree a detailed timetable for our work with officers. However, at this stage we anticipate carrying out our final fieldwork between July and September 2023.
1. Audit progress
Audit progress Revised ISA 315 National publications

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1. Audit progress
Financialstatementsaudit2022/23drafttimetable
Planning (January to April 2023)
• Planning visit and developing our understanding of the Council
• Initial opinion risk assessments
• Considering proposed accounting treatments and accounting
policies
• Developing the audit strategy and planning the audit work to be
performed
• Agreeing timetable and deadlines
• Preliminary analytical review
Completion (September 2023)
• Final review and disclosure checklist of financial
statements
• Final Partner Review
• Agreeing content of letter of representation
• Reporting to the Audit and Scrutiny Committee
• Reviewing subsequent events
• Signing the auditor’s report
Interim (April to June 2023)
• Documenting systems and controls
• Performing walkthroughs
• Interim controls testing including tests of IT general controls
• Early substantive testing of transactions
• Reassessment of audit plan and revision if necessary
• Wider Dimension risk assessment and work
Fieldwork (July to September 2023)
• Reviewing the draft financial statements
• Reassessment of audit plan and revision if necessary
• Executing the strategy starting with significant risks and high
risk areas
• Communicating progress and issues
• Clearance meeting
Audit progress Revised ISA 315 National publications

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1. Audit progress
Whilst our planning and risk assessment procedures remain in progress, our initial planning
work has identified relevant risks to the audit of financial statements. The risks identified are
categorised as significant, enhanced or standard. The definitions of the level of risk rating are 
given below:
Significant risk
A significant risk is an identified and assessed risk of material misstatement that, in the
auditor’s judgment, requires special audit consideration. For any significant risk, the auditor
shall obtain an understanding of the entity’s controls, including control activities relevant to that
risk.
Enhanced risk
An enhanced risk is an area of higher assessed risk of material misstatement (‘RMM’) at audit
assertion level other than a significant risk. Enhanced risks require additional consideration but
does not rise to the level of a significant risk, these include but may not be limited to:
• key areas of management judgement, including accounting estimates which are material but
are not considered to give rise to a significant risk of material misstatement; and
• other audit assertion risks arising from significant events or transactions that occurred during
the period.
Standard risk
This is related to relatively routine, non-complex transactions that tend to be subject to
systematic processing and require little management judgement. Although it is considered that
there is a risk of material misstatement (RMM), there are no elevated or special factors related
to the nature, the likely magnitude of the potential misstatements or the likelihood of the risk
occurring.
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Engagement and
responsibilities summary
Your audit
engagement team
Audit scope,
approach and timeline
Significant risks and key
judgement areas Value for money Fees for audit and
other services
Our commitment to
independence
Materiality and
misstatements Appendices
Summary risk assessment
The summary risk assessment, illustrated in the table below, highlights those risks which we deem to be significant
and other enhanced risks in respect of the Council.
Key:            Significant risk Enhanced risk / significant management judgement
3
2
1
5
High
HighLow
Low
Likelihood
Financial impact
1.  Management override of controls
2. Valuation of the net defined benefit liability
3.  Valuation of property, plant and equipment
5. Debtors impairment allowance
4.  Revenue recognition
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1. Audit progress
Materiality
Materiality is an expression of the relative significance or importance of a particular matter in
the context of financial statements as a whole.
Misstatements in financial statements are considered to be material if they, individually or in
aggregate, could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken
on the basis of the financial statements.
Judgements on materiality are made in light of surrounding circumstances and are affected by
the size and nature of a misstatement, or a combination of both. Judgements about materiality
are based on consideration of the common financial information needs of users as a group and
not on specific individual users.
We consider materiality whilst planning and performing our audit based on quantitative and
qualitative factors.
Whilst planning, we make judgements about the size of misstatements which we consider to be
material and which provides a basis for determining the nature, timing and extent of risk
assessment procedures, identifying and assessing the risk of material misstatement and
determining the nature, timing and extent of further audit procedures.
The materiality determined at the planning stage does not necessarily establish an amount
below which uncorrected misstatements, either individually or in aggregate, will be considered
as immaterial.
We will revise materiality for the financial statements as our audit progresses should we
become aware of information that would have caused us to determine a different amount had
we been aware of that information at the planning stage.
Our planning materiality will be based on the audited 2021/22 accounts  and will be set based
on a benchmark of total expenditure. We will identify a figure for materiality but identify
separate levels for procedures design to detect individual errors, and also a level above which
all identified errors will be reported to the Council’s Audit and Compliance Committee.
We consider that total expenditure represents the key focus of users of the financial statements
and, as such, we base our materiality levels around this benchmark.
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Audit progress Revised ISA 315 National publications
Materiality Amount (£m)
Financial statement materiality
This is the figure we calculate to assess the overall impact of audit adjustments on the
financial statements. It has been set at 2% of total expenditure for the year ended 31
March 2023 based on the latest audited financial statements for 2021/22 (rounded to
the nearest million).
8.70
Performance materiality
This acts as a trigger point. If the aggregate of errors identified during the financial
statements audit exceeds performance materiality, this would indicate that further
audit procedures should be considered. Using our professional judgement, we have
assessed performance materiality at 75% of planning materiality.
5.20
Reporting threshold (ie clearly trivial)
We are required to report to those charged with governance on all unadjusted
misstatements more than the ‘reporting threshold' amount.
0.26
Specific items
We assess the Remuneration and Staff Report as sensitive given users’ interest in
this specific are of the Annual Report. We are proposing to set materiality in this area
at 1 band within the tables in the Remuneration Report i.e. an error that moved a
disclosure by one band would be assessed as material.
1 band

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Section 02:
Wider scope and Best Value

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Wider scope of public audit
The wider scope audit is an integral part of our annual audit work. The Code of audit practice (the Code) requires auditors to consider the following audit areas when undertaking their annual risk
assessment of the audited body and preparing their annual audit plans:
• Financial management
• Financial sustainability
• Vision, leadership and governance
• Use of resources to improve outcomes.
We will carry out audit work across these four areas and report our findings in the annual audit report. We will carry out more detailed work where we identify significant risks.
Best Value
Best Value audit work is fully integrated with the wider scope annual audit work and results reflected in annual audit reports. There are seven Best Value themes:
• Vision and leadership
• Governance and accountability
• Effective use of resources
• Partnerships and collaborative working
• Working with communities
• Sustainability
• Fairness and equality
2. Wider scope and best value
Audit progress Revised ISA 315 National publications

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2022/23 Best Value approach
We will review the Best Value findings reported in previous Best Value Assurance Reports and annual audit reports to identify outstanding improvement actions for follow up in the current year.
We will establish what intelligence and auditor judgements has been previously reported on each of the seven Best Value themes. Where we identify risks or improvement areas, or where an audit
assessment needs to be updated due to intelligence being out of date or incomplete, we will include coverage in audit plans.
We will also carry out specific work to review the Council’s service performance and reporting arrangements.
The Accounts Commission will identify areas of risk where it requires thematic audit work to be carried out in all councils, in addition to the annual Best Value work. For 2022/23 thematic work is
required on leadership of the development of new local strategic priorities by councils following the local government elections in May 2022. We will prepare a separate management report to
document the findings of this work.
No Best Value Assurance Reports will be published from 2022. To provide the Accounts Commission with assurance on Best Value in individual councils, the Code requires a programme of
Controller of Audit reports. These reports will be based on annual audit findings reported on Best Value in each council. We are therefore required to include current judgments on the pace and
depth of continuous improvement in the Council in the Annual Audit Report. The latest Annual Audit Report will be presented to the Commission with the Controller’s reports. The programme of
Controller reports will commence in October 2023. Therefore no such reports are required for 2022/23 audits. The Council is not scheduled to be included in the first year of the programme from
October 2023 to August 2024.
2. Wider scope and best value
Audit progress Revised ISA 315 National publications

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Section 03:
ISA (UK) 315 (Revised 2019)

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3. Revised ISA 315
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Revised auditing standard for Identifying and assessing the risks of
material misstatement: ISA (UK) 315 (Revised 2019)
(Effective for audits of financial statements for periods beginning on or after
December 15, 2021)
ISA (UK) 315 (Revised 2019) introduces major changes to the auditor’s risk identification and
assessment approach, which are intended to drive a more focused response from auditors
undertaking work to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to address the risks of
material misstatement. The main changes relevant to your audit are outlined below:
Enhanced risk identification and assessment
The standard has enhanced the requirements for the auditor to understand the entity and its
environment as well as the applicable financial reporting framework to identify the newly
introduced inherent risk factors to drive risk identification and assessment (subjectivity,
complexity, uncertainty, change, and susceptibility to misstatement due to management bias
or fraud). Using these inherent risk factors, the auditor assesses inherent risk on the
“spectrum of inherent risk”, at which the higher end lies significant risks, to drive a more
focused response to the identified risks. It should also be noticed that the standard requires
the auditor to obtain sufficient, appropriate audit evidence from these risk identification and
assessment procedures to form the basis of their risk assessment.
The standard also increases the focus on auditors identifying the assertions where the
inherent risk lays. For clarity, we include a table of assertions:
Completeness Is the balance complete?
Accuracy & valuation Are transactions accurately recorded and assets and
liabilities appropriately measured?
Classification Is the balance classified correctly?
Occurrence Did the transaction occur?
Existence Does the item exist?
Rights & obligations Does the entity own the item?
Cut-off Is the item recorded in the correct financial year?
Presentation & disclosure Is the item presented in the accounts appropriately?
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3. Revised ISA 315
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Consideration of account balances and assessing inherent risks
Under the revised ISA 315 we will make an assessment of the inherent risks associated with the Council’s transactions, balances and disclosures. We then determine whether each
transaction, balance and disclosure is a ‘significant account’ (i.e. a significant class of transactions, balances and disclosures) and identify the assertions that are relevant. We then
consider the controls the Council has in place and conclude whether or not we consider the audit risk associated to each item to be significant, i.e. after taking into account the controls
in place is there a significant risk of material misstatement in relation to the relevant assertion. In addition, the revised ISA requires auditors to document more closely the key business
process associated with each significant account with a focus on the processes for how transactions are initiated, recorded, processed, and incorporated into the general ledger.
Greater emphasis on IT
In response to constantly evolving business environments, the standard has placed an increased emphasis on the requirements for the auditor to gain an understanding of the entity’s
IT environment to better understand the possible risks within an entity’s information systems. As a result, auditors are required to gain a greater understanding of the IT environment,
including IT general controls (ITGCs). However, the standard acknowledges the fact that there is a need for scalability in gaining this understanding and provides more detailed
guidance on how to approach the topic depending on the complexity of the commercial software and/or IT applications.
Increased focus on controls
Off the back of the emphasis for auditors to gain a greater understanding of the IT environment, the standard has also widened the scope of controls deemed relevant to the audit.
Auditors are now required to increase their understanding of controls implemented by management, as well as assess the design and implementation of those controls, which include
ITGCs.
Impact on the audit of the Council
Our risk assessment procedures will be more granular than in previous years and we will be seeking information from the Council to ensure that we can document our detailed
understanding of the Council and the environment that it operates in. This will build on the existing strong knowledge of the Council we already have obtained from handover
procedures with Audit Scotland. In documenting our risk assessment, we will need to input additional time to assess inherent risks of the spectrum that the auditing standard requires.
In terms of IT, we will establish an understanding of the Council’s IT environment and at this stage are not aware of any significant changes from 2021/22. We will keep this under
review as part of our audit. We do not plan to test ITGCs as we have designed our approach to gain assurance from substantive testing, which in our view remains the most efficient
approach to take.
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