(c) Representations (Pages 49-118)

Perth and Kinross Council · 12 February 2024
Back to Local Review Body — 12 February 2024 and its agenda

Text extracted from the council's PDF. Layout and reading order may differ from the original.

Original council PDF · Download plain text

Some pages contain no extractable text. They may be blank, graphics or scanned pages. OCR has not been applied.

Page 1

4(i)(c) 
LRB-2023-50 
LRB-2023-50
23/01235/IPL - Renewal of permission 20/00985/IPL
(Erection of farm shop and formation of ancillary parking
(in principle)), land 60 metres east of Tay Cottage, Killin 
REPRESENTATIONS

Page 2

No embedded text on this page.

Page 3

Mrs jo tauscher (Objects)
Comment submitted date: Tue 01 Aug 2023
I object to this proposal and would have done previously had I been aware of it.
My main concerns with this are:
1. The request does not leverage an existing building and would require and new
structure and car park (rather than leveraging something which exists)
2. The request unnecessarily changes the use of land from agricultural use
3. The car park would compromise an area of natural beauty
4. It may set precedent for the area
5. If permission is granted and a car park put in place, in the future a change of use
might be requested
6. It will take away from other local farm shops /businesses nearby such as
https://www.tombreck.co.uk/farm-shop
7. It contravenes a number of planning policies as outlined below:
a) Policy "NE1B" - National Designations : "Development which would affect a
National Park, National Scenic Area, Site of Special Scientific Interest or National
Nature Reserve will only be permitted where the integrity of the area or the qualities
for which it has been designated are not adversely affected or any adverse impacts
are clearly outweighed by benefits of national importance". Currently this is an area
of agricultural land and the car park especially will be an eye sore from all aspects of
the loch and compromise an area of SSI and area of natural beau
b) Highland Area Local Plan Policy 3 "NPF3": "We should be protecting the character
of noted areas of Scottish Land which is part of natural heritage" The proposal would
not strengthen or enhance the character of the surrounding landscape but would
rather detract from the open and undeveloped nature of the area especially the car
park- the proposal would fundamentally alter the landscape which should be
protected
c) Scottish Natural Heritage's Tayside Landscape Character Assessment 1999: This
policy discourages isolated developments in the open landscape. This proposal
replaces an area of natural land - The change of use seems inappropriate when
many existing properties could be converted
d) Perth and Kinross Council prepared Supplementary Guidance on Landscape
2020 (new since previous approvals): "Maintain the native character of loch side"
The proposal is contrary to the Council's Supplementary Guidance and would have a
detrimental impact on the landscape from all sides of the loch
e) Policy "TA1B" - Transport Standards and Accessibility Requirements:
"Development proposals that involve significant travel generation should be well
served by all modes of transport (in particular walking, cycling and public transport),
provide safe access and appropriate car parking. Supplementary Guidance will set
out when a travel plan and transport assessment is required" It is not well served by

Page 4

all modes of transport- hence the requirement for a car park and the road is not safe
of cyclists and bus service limited
A few other things to note/ observations:
- In an earlier proposal they suggest that it is a way of diversifying Morenish Farm
but I was not aware that the owner of this land is connected to Morenish Farm
- The details of the proposal are very light!
Beyond the fact that I believe this request falls foul of many planning policies, and
would not be additive to the area- it is of great concern that this is the second
application in this area of Moreneish where a change of use is being requested
which will fundamentally change the landscape. This an agricultural land and an area
of natural beauty which should be protected. I strongly feel any new building and car
parks should be actively discouraged and rather existing settlements should be
adapted.

Page 5

No embedded text on this page.

Page 6

Ms Sue Manning (Objects)
Comment submitted date: Thu 10 Aug 2023
A second farm shop in an already fragile local economy would be detrimental to the
existing Tombreck Farm Shop at Tombreck Farm, Lawers, PH15 2PB,
www.tombreck.co.uk, which is only a few miles away.
The Tombreck Farm Shop was founded in 2012 and primarily sells produce actually
grown on the farm. Initially this was eggs and meat, but in the last 18 months has
also been selling organic vegetables.
Supported by the popularity and success of the vegetable sales, in February 2023,
the Tombreck Market Garden was established on the farm by two young but
experienced growers, and so far their business is doing well.
Without a farm to supply the proposed farm shop at Tay Cottage, the development
would appear be primarily a tourist attraction and therefore somewhat speculative.

Page 7

Mrs Charlotte Campion (Objects)
Comment submitted date: Wed 16 Aug 2023
The application to renew is relying on outdated ordnance survey map information
and provides no detailed proposal regarding the construction and service / waste
requirements, nor business plan. Planning was originally granted in 2008 and
planning permission shouldn't be automatically renewed (without careful
consideration) because of permission given in the past.

Page 8

No embedded text on this page.

Page 9

No embedded text on this page.

Page 10

No embedded text on this page.

Page 11

No embedded text on this page.

Page 12

Mrs Jillie Graham (Objects)
Comment submitted date: Wed 16 Aug 2023
I object to this request as I do not believe it is in the interests of the local area of
Morenish and Killin and is not in line with current planning guidance as substantiated
by the following points:
The original request for permission goes back to 2008, and it would appear has
simply been re-submitted and repeatedly approved every couple of years. However,
since the original approval (17 years ago) not only have there been changes in
planning policy but also the land ownership has changed which should be
considered. The application fails to acknowledge they no longer own all the
surrounding land.
In Feb 2023 the National Planning Framework 4 (NPF4) was introduced replacing
NPF3 and it states "We will make productive use of existing buildings, places,
infrastructure and services, locking in carbon, minimising waste, and building a
circular economy"- this application does not make use of an existing building and
replaces an area of natural land.
In 2020 Perth and Kinross Council prepared Supplementary Guidance on the
Landscape use and maintaining the native character of loch side; this proposal with
a car park is contrary to this and would impact the landscape from all sides of the
loch. In addition
1. In the original planning request, it suggests that there is an economic need to
"diversify" - if this is the case I feel the applicant should outline how they are
connected to Morenish Farm and provide a case for diversification together with a
business plan demonstrating the investment of creating the farmshop, car park and
staff is a viable venture
2. If a viable business venture, I believe the applicant should be looking to convert an
existing outbuilding which would be more in line with planning policy
3. I believe that the proposal would have a detrimental impact on local business
already in the area (both Farm shops and the shops in Killin which are already
struggling/ closing down)
I therefore believe the application to build a farm shop should withdrawn and not
approved.

Page 13

Mrs Kirsty Todd (Objects)
Comment submitted date: Wed 16 Aug 2023
I note an application to renew permission previously granted for a Farm Shop near
Morenish. I would like to take this opportunity to raise awareness as I have concerns
about the facts and integrity of the application over land which is a designated area
of natural beauty.
UNACCEPTABLE IMPACT ON NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
There is a new National Framework Policy 4 in place and thus historical approved
permissions which have lapsed should not be relied upon when considering the
renewal of an application and it should be considered based on current knowledge of
the surrounding area.
The applicants have recently sold land and the O/S ownership survey submitted is
out of date (2008) and I refer to the documents submitted with this application, the
Land under number 35 of document 08/01586/01 is not all owned by the applicant as
the application would suggest. I refer you to the planning application 23/00846/FLL
for further information concerning the new ownership and the letters of objection
from Heritage Scotland and Nature Scot in respect of developments in and around
Morenish Meadow, which is a designated area of natural beauty.
I question whether the current land owner/applicant is really wanting to sell local
produce as the application suggests; moreover it appears to me, they are trying to
diversify the land so they can make more money by sub dividing the land piecemeal
and selling off individual plots. Indeed, since the original application for a farm shop
in 2008, Morenish Yard (including the strip of land directly to the loch) has been
individually sold off from the farm as well as more recently LOTS 1 and LOT 2, 250m
south of Morenish Cottage (which are landlocked) earlier this year. In my view if
permission is granted for a farm shop, 60 m East of Tay Cottage, it is a slippery slope
for what will be requested next because it gives further appetite to the current
owners to exploit the land for development rather than protect it.
The current application lacks information and detail. There are no drawings of what
is being proposed including the car park but which by default irreversibly damages
the natural agricultural land as well as creating a potential eyesore across the land
from Loch Tay - no details of amenities being provided - car parking for more than
2/3 cars implies there maybe more than a farm produce offering at the proposed
shop and visitors spending more than 10 minutes buying their veg but no information
or artist impressions have been given. A new building is being proposed (rather than
enhancing an existing one) without any understanding of what the construction will
look like (aside from one reference pic in a previous application) and indeed what it
could subsequently be turned into should permission be granted and thus creates a
precedent to further develop the agricultural land.

Page 14

CONCLUSION
The pastoral land is very close to an area of outstanding beauty and SSSI which
needs protection and not obliteration to erect a superfluous farm shop which is not
near any services or other buildings.
Please treat this letter as a formal objection to the proposed planning application
reference 23/01235/IPL.

Page 15

No embedded text on this page.

Page 16

No embedded text on this page.

Page 17

To whom this may concern 
Thanks for sharing with the appeal of planning applica5on 23/01235/1PL 
I believe the appeal further highlights why refusal was given. It suggests that the request for
permission is in line with Policy 8 of the LDP2 therefore should be approved, but it rightly
acknowledges that Na5onal Planning Framework “NPF4” policies that came into force more
recently take precedent over LDP2 policies and it without ques5on in contraven5on of many
of those and other policies not men5oned in the refusal –beyond accessibility as the appeal
suggests, although that alone is a valid reason for refusal. 
NPF3 policy 3 
"We should be protec0ng the character of noted areas of Sco6sh Land which is part of
natural heritage" 
The proposal would not strengthen or enhance the character of the surrounding landscape
but would rather detract from the open and undeveloped nature of the area (especially the
car park).  The proposal would fundamentally alter the landscape which should be protected. 
NPF4 policy 13 
“Accessible by public transport” 
This applica5on / appeal does not sa5sfy  this as “it is not accessible by public transport”.
The appeal states in point 3.2  that it is unfair discrimina5on to decline the applica5on based
on this - Its not discrimina5on, the planning team are simply following planning policy which is
there for a reason, and the appeal and need for a car park further proves that the Farm Shop
would only really be accessible by car! It would appear the applicant is challenging policy here
rather than whether planning have followed policy correctly. 
NPF4 policy 29 
This applica5on is not in line with many of the applicable points outlined in policy 20 A such
as: 
ii “Represents diversiﬁca0on of an exis0ng business” 
I do not believe this is a diversiﬁca5on  of an exis5ng business as the appeal suggests in point
3.5 - I believe the applicant simply owns land rather than owning a farm/ being a farmer. How
is this a diversiﬁca5on of an exis5ng business? 
vi “Reuse of a redundant or unused building” 
The applicant wants to build a new structure and car park in rural land so is contraven5on of
this. Tay Co[age next door to the proposed Farm Shop is derelict – surely it would be far

Page 18

be[er and  more in line with policy to consider leveraging Tay Co[age for this venture  (if
there is proven demand) which would be more than suitable for a “small scale” Farm shop as
the appeal refers to it in point 3.6 and 4.1. Further why is such a big building and car park
required for something “small scale”? 
NPF4 policy 30 
vi. “Measures taken to minimise carbon emissions” 
If the business is a success , it would be default encourage carbon emissions as many
customers would not be just passing by but rather driving their especially. 
Sco6sh Natural Heritage's Tayside Landscape Character Assessment 1999 
This policy discourages isolated developments in the open landscape. This proposal replaces
an area of natural land - The change of use seems inappropriate when as already men5oned
“Tay Co[age” and other derelict building in the area  could be converted (if there is proven
business need) 
Perth and Kinross Council prepared Supplementary Guidance on Landscape 2020 (new
since previous approvals) 
"Maintain the na0ve character of loch side" 
The proposal is contrary to the Council's Supplementary Guidance and would have a
detrimental impact on the landscape from all sides of the loch 
Then I have ques5ons/ points to make on some points of the appeal as follows: 
3.9   
“….There are 2 shipping containers, various vehicles and equipment ….. this is a brownﬁeld site
and a long 0me since it was just a ﬁeld” (redacted). 
Since the applicant purchased the land it has indeed not been looked aaer and used as a
dumping ground, and the appeal suggests based on this it is a “brownﬁeld  land” and
therefore inferring that the development is therefore in the lands interests.  To this I have
some speciﬁc points to make: 
1/ The applicant should be asked to remove all the unsightly items as they should have never
been dumped in an area of natural beauty, its shows total disregard of the area. 
2/ The deﬁni5on  of “brownﬁeld’ is land that is abandoned or underu5lised due to pollu5on
from industrial use – I don’t actually believe this is the case, items have simply been dumped
in an area of natural beauty, and once removed, the land would  simply be a ﬁeld.  However if
the applicant really thinks it is “brownﬁeld land” as they suggest in the appeal, someone

Page 19

should inves5gate how the applicant has allowed an area of natural beauty  to be so
neglected  under their care and  it is certainly not reason to grant permission 
4.7 
“on the basis of previous history..” Redacted 
Previous history should not really impact the decision- it is about what is right now according
to current guidance. 
Finally even if it did meet certain criteria and Tay Co[age was say instead converted, I s5ll
have concern that it  will take away from other local farm shops /businesses nearby such as
h[ps://www.tombreck.co.uk/farm-shop which is also on the referred to “heart 200 touring
route”  and just 6 minutes away. I do not believe there is demand for two farm shops in such
close proximity. 
Thank-you for considering the concerns. 
Jo

Page 20

CDS Planning Local Review Body
From:
Sent: 08 January 2024 16:14
To: CDS Planning Local Review Body
Subject: RE: LRB-2023-50
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Due By: 16 January 2024 10:00
Flag Status: Flagged
CAUTION: This email originated from an external organisaon. Do not follow guidance, click links, or open
aachments unless you have veriﬁed the sender and know the content is safe.
To whom this may concern,
Thank you for sharing the challenge with me
I still stand by the concerns raised in my original objection which go beyond accessibility
 The request does not make use of an existing building  - which the National Planning
Framework 4 (NPF4) requires
 I don’t believe this is diversiﬁcation as it is not connected directly or indirectly to
Morenish Farm and therefore not able to sell produce from the farm
 I believe that the proposal would have a detrimental impact on local businesses
already in the area (both Farm shops and the shops in Killin which are already
struggling/ closing down)
I therefore believe the application to build a farm shop should be withdrawn and not
approved.
Further, I would request that the items  (such as the containers/old vehicles) that have been
dumped in this beautiful area be removed.  It is outrageous that the site is being referred to
as “Brownﬁeld land” by the applicant, when its actually connected to land which has been
designated as SSSIs and it is they who have directly abused the land.
Yours sincerely
Jillie Graham

Page 21

Glenlyon & Loch Tay Community Council
mail@glenlyonandlochtaycc.org.uk      web: glenlyonandlochtaycc.org.uk
January 9th.2024
Re. Application Ref: 23/01235/IPL – Renewal of permission 20/00985/IPL
(erection of farm shop and formation of ancillary parking (in principle)), land 60
metres east of Tay Cottage, Killin – Mr T Allen and Ms B Snoxhall 
Thank you for notifying us of the appeal against this decision.
The Community Council fully supports the decision to refuse this application for the
reasons stated in the Decision Notice. It objected to the application and would like
to add the following:
Re. the Decision Notice para.2. – the appeal (2.3) does not explain how the
proposed development relates to the current operation of Morenish Farm which,
according to Registers of Scotland, is under different ownership. – Copy of Title
Sheet supplied as it may assist the Local Review Body – Burden 16 and 14 are the
relative sections. The land was bought specifically for the creation of Morenish
Woodland – see letter from Forestry Commission to Community Council December
2016 and a copy of the Environmental Impact Assessment which is in the same
name as the Title.
Having title to agricultural land is not the same as owning a farm or being engaged
in farming and this proposal cannot be said to be diversification of an existing farm
business. 
Incidentally, a farm shop presupposes produce from the farm but there is no
indication in the proposal as to where that is coming from, or what it might be. 
NPF4 Policy 13 – Appeal 3.2 appears to be challenging the policy rather than its
application.
There is no public transport to along this section of the A827. The Community
Council, in conjunction with the other four Upper Tay Community Councils, met in
December with Upper Tay Transport and it was very clear that there is no prospect
of any in the foreseeable future.
The appeal makes much of tourism but if the business is expecting to be reliant on
passing tourist trade, then its viability is seriously questionable because from the

Page 22

beginning of October visitor numbers drop dramatically as accommodation
providers close for the Winter until about the end of March.
Appeal 3.9 – This is not a brownfield site. A general definition of a brownfield site
is,“a brownfield site refers to previously developed land, which is or was occupied
by a permanent structure.” This is definitely not the case on the application site. A
couple of shipping containers in a field do not constitute a brownfield site and, in
this case, having made a site visit (10/01/24) it was noted that the containers
referred to are on the opposite side of the track to the site marked in the planning
application and so are irrelevant to it. Photos 1 & 2. The application site is very
‘green’ – bottom left corner of photo 3 and with photo 4 show the open countryside.
Also, noted, and photos show, was the absence of livestock although all the farms
along the loch side had sheep and cattle out. (Appeal 2.3)
The application is for a shop HERE. Isolated and unrelated to any other building or
business except Tay Cottage which is not visible from the site and appears derelict,
and Morenish Chapel, now a holiday home, some short distance eastward and on

Page 23

the opposite side of the road, with which the shop would be architecturally
incongruous. The chapel is in the Arts & Crafts style and is a Grade B Listed
Building.
The Appeal arguments are rather tit-for-tat as it quotes planning policy and simply
stating that the application applies. The Community Council finds no reason to
change its mind and asks that the Local Review Body uphold the decision to refuse
this appeal. 
Thank you.
Regards,
Susan Dolan-Betney
Also accompanying this letter are the following:
Title Sheet for Morenish Farm and its map.
Forestry Commission Letter to CC
Morenish Woodland Environmental Impact Assessment Sheet.

Page 24

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
5$sj$7;
Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr>$TXL5<668
Wievgl$wyqqev}
Hexi3Xmqi$sj$wievgl 6615616467$58>5=>48
Te}qirx$vijivirgi$ryqfiv KJNV1T6LN1:VJG1W7W=

Page 25

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
6$sj$7;
Wigxmsr$E
Tvstivx}
Hexi$sj$jmvwx$vikmwxvexmsr 5=14:16447
Hexi$xmxpi$wliix$ythexih$xs 4:14916465
Ligxeveki$Gshi 5:=2;
Viep$Vmklx S[RIVWLMT
Qet$Vijivirgi RR97WI
Xmxpi$Ryqfiv TXL5<668
Gehewxvep$Yrmx TXL5<668
Wewmri$Wievgl :47:=
Tvstivx}$ehhviww PERHW$SJ0$QSVIRMWL$JEVQ0$OMPPMR$JO65<X\
Hiwgvmtxmsr
Wyfnigxw$gehewxvep$yrmx$TXL5<668$PERHW$SJ0$QSVIRMWL$JEVQ0$OMPPMR
JO65$<X\$xmrxih$tmro$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$fimrk$5:=2;$ligxeviw$mr
qiewyviqirx$sr$xli$Svhrergi$Qet?$Xskixliv${mxl$xli$vmklxw$gsrxemrih$mr
xli$Hmwtswmxmsr$mr$Irxv}$5:$erh$xli$Hiihw$sj$Wivzmxyhi$mr$Irxvmiw$5;$erh$5<
sj$xli$Fyvhirw$Wigxmsr2
Xlmw$mw$e$Gst}${lmgl$vijpigxw$xli$tswmxmsr$ex$xli$hexi$xli$Xmxpi$Wliix${ew$pewx$ythexih2
Œ$Gvs{r$gst}vmklx$6467
TXL5<668

Page 26

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
7$sj$7;
Wigxmsr$F
Tvstvmixsvwlmt
EPI\ERHVSW$VIS$WXEOMW$Kpirx}er$Lsywi$Kpirx}er$Iwxexi0$Glyvgl$Wxviix0$Ompfevgler0
Nslrwxsri0$TE54$6TE2
Irxv}$ryqfiv 5
Hexi$sj$vikmwxvexmsr 5<14:16459
Hexi$sj$Irxv} 5914:16459
Gsrwmhivexmsr †8440444
Xlmw$mw$e$Gst}${lmgl$vijpigxw$xli$tswmxmsr$ex$xli$hexi$xli$Xmxpi$Wliix${ew$pewx$ythexih2
Œ$Gvs{r$gst}vmklx$6467
TXL5<668

Page 27

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
8$sj$7;
Wigxmsr$G
Wigyvmxmiw
Xlivi$evi$rs$irxvmiw2
Xlmw$mw$e$Gst}${lmgl$vijpigxw$xli$tswmxmsr$ex$xli$hexi$xli$Xmxpi$Wliix${ew$pewx$ythexih2
Œ$Gvs{r$gst}vmklx$6467
TXL5<668

Page 28

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
9$sj$7;
Wigxmsr$H
Fyvhirw
Ryqfiv$sj$Fyvhirw>$65
Fyvhir$5
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Xvywxiiw$yrhiv$Hiih$sj$Xvywx$fix{iir$Vikmreph$Xsqw$erh$sxlivw$xs$Xvywxiiw$jsv
xli$Jmvq$sj$Peqfhir$Iwxexi$erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$6;$Jif2$5=950$sj
perhw$ors{r$ew$Qsvirmwl$Lsqi$Jevq0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-
Syv$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$xs$qemrxemr$ex$xlimv$wspi$i|tirwi$xli$lieh
h}oi$witevexmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$jvsq$xli$Iewx$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp$kve~mrk$kvsyrh?
,Wigsrh-
Wyfnigx$xs$xli$tvszmwmsrw$livimrejxiv$qehi$,Xlmvh-${livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi
fsyrhih$f}$e$wxvieq$sv$hmxgl$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$wygl$wxvieqw$erh
hmxgliw$wlepp$fi$oitx$gpiev$erh$vihh$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi$erh${livi$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$vseh0${epp0$wyro$h}oi0$xyvj$feypo0$lihki0$jirgi$sv$xli$pmoi
xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli$weqi$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$tvstivx}$erh$wlepp$fi
qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi?
,Xlmvh-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$tyfpmg$sv$tvmzexi$vseh$xli$wspyq$sj
{lmgl$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xli$Iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl$xli$girxvi$pmri$sj$wemh$vseh$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}
erh$xli$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$xli${epp$h}oi$sv
jirgi$epsrk$xli$wmhi$sv$wmhiw$sj$wemh$vseh$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$perhw$livif}
hmwtsrih$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj$erh$epws$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$wemh$vseh$xs$xli$i|xirx$sj
sri$lepj$sj$xli$fviehxl$xlivisj$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wemh$perhw$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw
xlivisj${livi$xli$gswx$sj$wemh$qemrxirergi$wlepp$rsx$fi$temh$jsv$syx$sj$tyfpmg$jyrhw?
,Jsyvxl-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$ehnsmr$wyfnigxw$rsx$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wemh$Perhw$erh
Iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl$xli$fsyrhev}$wlepp$fi$xli$fsyrhev}$xlivisj$ew$tswwiwwih$f}$yw$xli
kverxivw$livisj?$erh
,Jmjxl-
Viwivzmrk$xs$yw$xli$kverxivw$livisj$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$ws$jev$ew$rsx
livif}$hmwtsrih$erh$er}$erh$iziv}$tevx$xlivisj
TXL5<668

Page 29

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
:$sj$7;
,Sri-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w$vmklxw$sj$eggiww
erh$sxlivw$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$wygl
vsehw$sv${e}w$erh$sxlivw$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$xlivisj0
,X{s-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$sxliv$tsvxmsrw$sj$xli
wemh${lspi$perhw$epp$i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0${eppw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh
gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw$erh$sxlivw$mr$sv$yrhiv$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl
evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj
pizipw$sj$xli$weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih0$erh
,Xlvii-$epp$vmklxw$sj${e}$wivzmxyhiw0${exiv$vmklxw0${e}pieziw$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw$ex$tviwirx
i|mwxmrk${lixliv$jsvqepp}$gsrwxmxyxih$sv$rsx$ejjigxmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih2
Fyvhir$6
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Xvywxiiw$yrhiv$Hiih$sj$Wixxpiqirx$fix{iir$Vikmreph$Xsqw$erh$Qev}$Xsqw$erh
sxlivw0${mxl$gsrwirx0$xs$Nslr$Kvi}$Werhmi$erh$Wxippe$Qevmer$Werhmi$erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0
vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$=$Etv2$5=950$sj$,Mr$xli$Jmvwx$Tpegi-$Jevq$erh$Perhw$sj$Xmvevxlyv0
i|xirhmrk$xs$7<<29:=$egviw$sj$kvsyrh0$,Mr$xli$Wigsrh$Tpegi-$tmigi$sj$kvsyrh$i|xirhmrk$xs
582:87$egviw$sj$kvsyrh0$,Mr$xli$Wigsrh$Tpegi-$tmigi$sj$kvsyrh$i|xirhmrk$xs$9629$egviw$sj
kvsyrh0$,Mr$xli$Jsyvxl$Tpegi-$evie$sj$lmpp$kvsyrh$i|xirhmrk$xs$58:4$egviw$sj$kvsyrh$erh$,Mr$xli
Jmjxl$Tpegi-$i|xirhmrk$xs$6554$egviw$sj$kvsyrh0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Fyx$higpevmrk${mxl$vikevh$xs$xli$fsyrhevmiw$sj$xli$perhw$erh$sxlivw$livif}$hmwtsrih
,Jmvwx-$Wyfnigx$xs$xli$tvszmwmsrw$livimrejxiv$qehi$mr$xli$Wigsrh$Tpegi${livi$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$wxvieq$sv$hmxgl$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}
erh$wygl$wxvieqw$erh$hmxgliw$wlepp$fi$oitx$gpiev$erh$vihh$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi$erh
{livi$,i|gitx$ew$ejxivqirxmsrih-$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$vseh${epp
wyro$h}oi$xyvj$feypo$lihki$jirgi$sv$xli$pmoi$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli
weqi$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$tvstivx}$erh$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi?
HIGPEVMRK$xlex$xli$wsyxl$sv$wsyxl$iewx$fsyrhev}$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl
Tpegi$fix{iir$xli$tsmrxw$qevoih$\$erh$]$sr$Svhrergi$Wyvzi}$Wliix$erri|ih$ew$vipexmzi
livixs$mw$xli$rsvxl$sv$rsvxl${iwx$jegi$sj$xli$lieh$h}oi$witevexmrk$xli$perhw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr
xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi$jvsq$xli$jevqw$erh$perhw$ehnsmrmrk$xli$weqi$ors{r$ew$Qsvirmwl$Lsqi$Jevq0
Qsvirmwl$Gvsjx$Ryqfiv$6$erh$Qsvirmwl$Gvsjx$Ryqfiv$7$fipsrkmrk$sv${lmgl$fipsrkih$xs$yw$xli
kverxivw$livisj$erh$mr$viwtigx$sj${lmgl$xlivi$evi$wivzmxyhiw$sv$vmklxw$sj$kve~mrk$wliit$sr$xli
wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi$ew$ejxivqirxmsrih?
,Wigsrh-$[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$tyfpmg$sv$tvmzexi$vseh$xli
wspyq$sj${lmgl$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xli$Iwxexiw$sj$Qsvirmwl$sv$Jmrpevmk$xli$girxvi$pmri$sj$wemh$vseh
wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$xli
qemrxirergi$sj$xli${epp$h}oi$sv$jirgi$epsrk$xli$wmhi$sv$wmhiw$sj$wemh$vseh$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew
ehnsmrmrk$xli$perhw$livif}$hmwtsrih$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj$erh$epws$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi
sj$wemh$vseh$xs$xli$i|xirx$sj$sri$lepj$sj$xli$fviehxl$xlivisj$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli
wemh$perhw$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj${livi$xli$gswx$sj$wemh$qemrxirergi$wlepp$rsx$fi$temh$jsv
syx$sj$tyfpmg$jyrhw$erh

Page 30

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
;$sj$7;
,Xlmvh-$[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$ehnsmr$wyfnigxw$rsx$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wemh$perhw
erh$Iwxexiw$sj$Qsvirmwl$sv$Jmrpevmk$xli$fsyrhev}$wlepp$fi$xli$fsyrhev}$xlivisj$ew$tswwiwwih
f}$yw$xli$kverxivw$livisj?$Erh${i$xli$kverxivw$livisj$fmrh$syvwipziw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr$xli
wemh$jevqw$erh$perhw$ehnsmrmrk$sr$xli$wsyxl$sv$wsyxl$iewx$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$gsrzi}ih$Mr$xli
Jmjxl$Tpegi$ws$psrk$ew$xli$wemh$kve~mrk$vmklxw$wyfwmwx$xs$jvii$erh$vipmizi$syv$wemh$hmwtsriiw$erh
xlimv$jsviwemhw$sj$epp$pmefmpmx}$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$xli$wemh$lieh$h}oi$erh$sj$i|mwxmrk${eppw
h}oiw$sv$jirgiw$sr$sv$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi?$Erh${i
xli$kverxivw$livisj$fmrh$erh$sfpmki$syvwipziw$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$xs$xeoi$xli$tyvglewivw$sj$xli
wemh$ehnsmrmrk$jevqw$erh$perhw$sr$xli$wsyxl$sv$wsyxl$iewx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr
xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi${lir$xli$weqi$evi$wsph$fsyrh$mr$pmoi$qerriv$erh${i$xli$kverxivw$livisj$fmrh
syvwipziw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$xs$jvii$erh$vipmizi$syv$wemh$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$sj$epp
sfpmkexmsrw$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli$wliitwxsgow$xmih$sv$fsyrh$xs$xli$wemh$jevqw$erh$perhw$fipsrkmrk$sv
{lmgl$fipsrkih$xs$yw$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi$sr$xli$wsyxl$sv
wsyxl$iewxivr$fsyrhev}${lmgl$kve~i$sr$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi$yrhiv
sv$f}$zmvxyi$sj$er}$piewiw$sv$xirerg}$ekviiqirxw$mr$viwtigx$sj$wygl$ehnsmrmrk$jevqw$erh$perhw
erh$sj$epp$sv$er}$i|tirwi$sv$pmefmpmx}$evmwmrk$mr$gsrrigxmsr${mxl$lmpp$hvemreki$liexliv$fyvrmrk
fvegoir$gyxxmrk$sv$pmqimrk$erh$xli$oiitmrk$hs{r$sj$zivqmr${lmgl$qe}$figsqi$rigiwwev}$sv$fi
mrwxvygxih$f}$xli$Ekvmgypxyvep$I|igyxmzi$Gsqqmxxii0$Perh$Gsyvx0$Hitevxqirx$sj$Ekvmgypxyvi$sv
sxliv$pmoi$fsh}$jsv$xli$tviwivzexmsr$erh$qemrxirergi$sj$xli$kve~mrk?$Erh${i$xli$kverxivw$livisj
jyvxliv$fmrh$erh$sfpmki$syvwipziw$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$xs$xeoi$xli$tyvglewivw$sj$xli$wemh$ehnsmrmrk
jevqw$erh$perhw$xs$xli$wsyxl$sv$wsyxl$iewx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli$Jmjxl$Tpegi$mj
erh${lir$xli$weqi$evi$wsph$fsyrh$mr$pmoi$qerriv$erh$xs$gsrwxmxyxi$xli$jsviksmrk$sfpmkexmsrw$sj
vipmij$e$viep$fyvhir$sr$xli$wemh$ehnsmrmrk$jevqw$erh$perhw?$HIGPEVMRK$xlex$syv$wemh$hmwtsriiw
erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$ew$f}$eggitxergi$livisj$xli}$fmrh$erh$sfpmki$xliqwipziw
erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$xs$kverx$rs$sxliv$kve~mrk$vmklxw$sr$sv$sziv$xli$perhw$livif}$hmwtsrih$Mr$xli
Jmjxl$Tpegi2
Rsxi>$Xli$tper$erri|ih$xs$xli$jsviksmrk$hiih$lew$rsx$fiir$wyfqmxxih$xs$xli$Oiitiv0$xlivijsvi
xli$wemh$tsmrxw$qevoih$\$erh$]$gerrsx$fi$hixivqmrih$mr$vipexmsr$xs$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi2
Fyvhir$7
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Fir$Klpew$Mrziwxqirxw$Pmqmxih$xs$Nslr$Kvi}$Werhmi$erh$Wxippe$Qevmer$Werhmi
erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$=$Etv2$5=950$sj$xlex$evie$sj$lmpp$kvsyrh$erh
qssvperh$i|xirhmrk$xs$<<$egviw$mr$xli$tevmwl$sj$Oirqsvi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Fyx$higpevmrk${mxl$vikevh$xs$xli$fsyrhevmiw$sj$xli$perhw$erh$sxlivw$livif}$hmwtsrih
,Jmvwx-
Wyfnigx$xs$xli$tvszmwmsrw$gsrxemrih$mr$xli$Wigsrh$Tpegi${livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih
evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$vseh${epp$wyro$h}oi$xyvj$feypo$lihki$jirgi$sv$xli$pmoi$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp
jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli$weqi$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$tvstivx}$erh$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli
tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi?
,Wigsrh-

Page 31

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
<$sj$7;
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$tyfpmg$sv$tvmzexi$vseh$xli$wspyq$sj
{lmgl$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xli$Iwxexi$sj$Fir$Klpew$xli$girxvi$pmri$sj$wemh$vseh$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}
erh$xli$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$xli${epp$h}oi$sv
jirgi$epsrk$xli$wmhi$sv$wmhiw$sj$wemh$vseh$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$perhw$livif}
hmwtsrih$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj$erh$epws$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$wemh$vseh$xs$xli$i|xirx$sj
sri$lepj$sj$xli$fviehxl$xlivisj$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wemh$perhw$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw
xlivisj${livi$xli$gswx$sj$wemh$qemrxirergi$wlepp$rsx$fi$temh$jsv$syx$sj$tyfpmg$jyrhw?$erh
,Xlmvh-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$ehnsmr$wyfnigxw$rsx$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wemh$perhw$erh
Iwxexiw$sj$Fir$Klpew$xli$fsyrhev}$wlepp$fi$xli$fsyrhev}$xlivisj$ew$tswwiwwih$f}$yw?
Jyvxliv$xliwi$tviwirxw$evi$kverxih${mxl$xli$jspps{mrk$wivzmxyhi$erh$vmklxw$reqip}$,Jmvwx-$xli
vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$er}$sxliv
tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$,Wigsrh-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv
xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$epp$i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0
{ippw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw
erh$sxlivw$sr$sv$yrhiv$er}$sxliv$tevx$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl
vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli$weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj
er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih?$Epp${lmgl$vmklxw$evi$livif}$higpevih$xs$fi$wivzmxyhiw$erh$viep
fyvhirw$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$sr$erh$ejjigxmrk$epp$sxliv$tevxw$sj$xli$wemh
{lspi$perhw?
Viwivzmrk$xs$yw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$ws$jev$ew$rsx$livif}$hmwtsrih$erh
er}$erh$iziv}$tevx$xlivisj$,Jmvwx-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw
erh${e}w$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$erh$sxlivw$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex
tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$wygl$vsehw$erh${e}w$erh$sxlivw$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw
xlivisj?$,Wigsrh-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$sxliv
tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$epp$i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0${ippw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0
xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw$erh$sxlivw$mr$sv$yrhiv$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv
viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli$weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih?
,Xlmvh-$Epp$vmklxw$sj${e}$wivzmxyhiw0${exiv$vmklxw0${e}pieziw$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw$ex$tviwirx
i|mwxmrk${lixliv$jsvqepp}$gsrwxmxyxih$sv$rsx$ejjigxmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$erh$,Jsyvxl-
xli$i|mwxmrk$wivzmxyhiw$sv$vmklxw$sj$kve~mrk$wliit$sr$xli$perhw$livif}$hmwtsrih2
Fyvhir$8
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Xvywxiiw$yrhiv$Hiih$sj$Wixxpiqirx$fix{iir$Vikmreph$Xsqw$erh$sxlivw$xs
Xvywxiiw$jsv$Jmvq$sj$Peqfhir$Iwxexiw$erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$66$Wit2
5=950$sj$,M-$Ryqfiv$X{s$Gvsjx0$Qsvirmwl$erh$,MM-$xli$wivzmxyhiw$sv$vmklxw$sj$kve~mrk$wliit$sr
Iewx$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-
Syv$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$xs$qemrxemr$ex$xlimv$wspi$i|tirwi$xli$lieh
h}oi$witevexmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$jvsq$xli$Iewx$Qsvirmwl$lmpp$kve~mrk$kvsyrh

Page 32

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
=$sj$7;
ejxivqirxmsrih?
,Wigsrh-
Wyfnigx$xs$xli$tvszmwmsrw$livimrejxiv$qehi$,Xlmvh-${livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi
fsyrhih$f}$e$wxvieq$sv$hmxgl$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$wygl$wxvieqw$erh
hmxgliw$wlepp$fi$oitx$gpiev$erh$vihh$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi$erh${livi$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$vseh0${epp0$wyro$h}oi0$xyvj$feypo0$lihki0$jirgi$sv$xli$pmoi
xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli$weqi$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$tvstivx}$erh$wlepp$fi
qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi?
,Xlmvh-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$tyfpmg$sv$tvmzexi$vseh$xli$wspyq$sj
{lmgl$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xli$Iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl$xli$girxvi$pmri$sj$wemh$vseh$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}
erh$xli$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$xli${epp$h}oi$sv
jirgi$epsrk$xli$wmhi$sv$wmhiw$sj$wemh$vseh$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$perhw$livif}
hmwtsrih$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj$erh$epws$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$wemh$vseh$xs$xli$i|xirx$sj
sri$lepj$sj$xli$fviehxl$xlivisj$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wemh$perhw$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw
xlivisj${livi$xli$gswx$sj$wemh$qemrxirergi$wlepp$rsx$fi$temh$jsv$syx$sj$tyfpmg$jyrhw?$erh
,Jsyvxl-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$ehnsmr$wyfnigxw$rsx$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wemh$Perhw$erh
Iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl$xli$fsyrhev}$wlepp$fi$xli$fsyrhev}$xlivisj$ew$tswwiwwih$f}$yw$xli
kverxivw$livisj?$Jyvxliv$xliwi$tviwirxw$evi$kverxih${mxl$xli$jspps{mrk$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$reqip}
,Jmvwx-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj
er}$sxliv$tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$,Wigsrh-$xli$vmklx
xs$ywi$jsv$xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$epp$i|mwxmrk
wtvmrkw0${ippw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0
hmxgliw0$wi{ivw$erh$sxlivw$sr$sv$yrhiv$er}$sxliv$tevx$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex
tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli
weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih?$Epp${lmgl$vmklxw$evi$livif}$higpevih$xs
fi$wivzmxyhiw$erh$viep$fyvhirw$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$sr$erh$ejjigxmrk$epp
sxliv$tevxw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw?$Viwivzmrk$xs$yw$xli$kverxivw$livisj$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr
xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$ws$jev$ew$rsx$livif}$hmwtsrih$erh$er}$erh$iziv}$tevx$xlivisj$,Sri-$xli
vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$erh
sxlivw$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$wygl
vsehw$sv${e}w$erh$sxlivw$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$xlivisj0$,X{s-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi
jsv$xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$sxliv$tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$epp
i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0${eppw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0
hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw$erh$sxlivw$mr$sv$yrhiv$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex
tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli
weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih$erh$,Xlvii-$epp$vmklxw$sj${e}$wivzmxyhiw0
{exiv$vmklxw0${e}pieziw$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw$ex$tviwirx$i|mwxmrk${lixliv$jsvqepp}$gsrwxmxyxih$sv
rsx$ejjigxmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih?$erh
,Jmjxl-

Page 33

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
54$sj$7;
Higpevmrk$xlex$syv$wemh$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$wyggiwwsvw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$,Sri-$xs$fiev$e
tvstsvxmsrexi$wlevi$sj$xli$gswx$sj$qemrxirergi$erh$vitemv$sj$er}$i|mwxmrk${eppw$h}oiw$sv$jirgiw
sr$sv$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$Iewx$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp$kvsyrh$,sxliv$xler$xli$lieh$h}oi-$nsmrxp}${mxl$xli
tvstvmixsvw$sv$xirerxw$sj$xli$Jevqw$sv$Gvsjxw$ors{r$ew$Qsvirmwl$Ryqfiv$X{s$erh$Qsvirmwl
Ryqfiv$Xlvii${ls$epws$irns}$wivzmxyhiw$sv$vmklxw$sj$kve~mrk$erh$xlex$mr$tvstsvxmsr$xs$xli
ryqfiv$sj$wliit${lmgl$syv$wemh$hmwtsriiw$erh$xli$wemh$sxliv$tvstvmixsvw$evi$irxmxpih$xs$kve~i
sr$xli$wemh$lmpp0$,X{s-$xs$gevv}$syx$sr$wemh$Iewx$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp$ew$erh${lir$rigiwwev}$nsmrxp}${mxl
xli$tvstvmixsvw$sv$xirerxw$sj$wemh$sxliv$jevqw$,sv$xs$fiev$e$tvstsvxmsrexi$wlevi$sj$xli$gswx
xlivisj$ew$fijsviqirxmsrih-$wygl$hvemreki0$liexliv$fyvrmrk0$fvegoir$gyxxmrk0$pmqimrk$erh
hiwxvs}mrk$sj$zivqmr$ew$qe}$fi$mrwxvygxih$f}$xli$ettvstvmexi$Ekvmgypxyvep$I|igyxmzi$Gsqqmxxii0
Perh$Gsyvx0$Hitevxqirx$sj$Ekvmgypxyvi$sv$sxliv$pmoi$Eyxlsvmx}$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$erh
tviwivzexmsr$sj$xli$kve~mrk$erh$,Xlvii-$mr$xli$izirx$sj$er}$hmwtyxi$evmwmrk${mxl$vijivirgi$xs$xli
wivzmxyhi$sv$vmklx$sj$kve~mrk0$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$wemh${eppw0$h}oiw$sv$jirgiw$sv$xli$gevv}mrk$syx
sj$wemh$hvemreki$erh$sxlivw$xs$vijiv$xli$weqi$jsv$higmwmsr$xs$xli$Wgsxxmwl$Perh$Gsyvx2
Fyvhir$9
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Xvywxiiw$yrhiv$Hiih$sj$Wixxpiqirx$fix{iir$Vikmreph$Xsqw0$Qev}$Xsqw$erh
W}hri}$Fevriw$Fv}erx$xs$Nslr$Kvi}$Werhmi$erh$Wxippe$Qevmer$Werhmi$erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0
vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$64$Rsz2$5=960$sj$xlex$evie$sj$kvsyrh$p}mrk$sr$xli$wsyxl$wmhi$sj$xli
tyfpmg$vseh$piehmrk$jvsq$Omppmr$xs$Oirqsvi$zme$Pe{ivw$i|xirhmrk$xs$;$536$egviw$mr$xli$tevmwl$sj
Oirqsvi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Fyx$higpevmrk${mxl$vikevh$xs$xli$fsyrhevmiw$sj$xli$wemh$wyfnigxw$erh$sxlivw$livif}$hmwtsrih
,Jmvwx-
Wyfnigx$xs$xli$tvszmwmsrw$livimrejxiv$qehi$mr$xli$Wigsrh$Tpegi${livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}
hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$wxvieq$sv$hmxgl$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$wygl
wxvieqw$erh$hmxgliw$wlepp$fi$oitx$gpiev$erh$vihh$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi$erh${livi$xli
wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$vseh${epp0$wyro$h}oi0$xyvj$feypo0$lihki0$jirgi$sv
xli$pmoi$xli$girxvi$xlivisj$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}$erh$xli$weqi$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$tvstivx}$erh
wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sr$iegl$wmhi?$erh
,Wigsrh-
[livi$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$evi$fsyrhih$f}$e$tyfpmg$sv$tvmzexi$vseh$xli$wspyq$sj
{lmgl$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xli$Iwxexi$sj$Jmrpevmk$xli$girxvi$pmri$sj$wemh$vseh$wlepp$jsvq$xli$fsyrhev}
erh$xli$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$xli${epp0$h}oi$sv
jirgi$epsrk$xli$wmhi$sv$wmhiw$sj$wemh$vseh$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}
hmwtsrih$sv$er}$tevx$sv$tevxw$xlivisj$erh$epws$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sj$wemh$vseh$xs$xli$i|xirx$sj
sri$lepj$sj$xli$fviehxl$xlivisj$ri|x$xs$erh$ws$jev$ew$ehnsmrmrk$xli$wemh$wyfnigxw$sv$er}$tevx$sv
tevxw$xlivisj${livi$xli$gswx$sj$wemh$qemrxirergi$wlepp$rsx$fi$temh$jsv$syx$sj$tyfpmg$jyrhw?
Jyvxliv$xliwi$tviwirxw$evi$kverxih${mxl$xli$jspps{mrk$wivzmxyhiw$erh$vmklxw$reqip}$,Jmvwx-$xli
vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp$i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$er}$sxliv
tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$,Wigsrh-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv
xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki$erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$epp$i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0
{ippw0$wxvieqw0${exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw

Page 34

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
55$sj$7;
erh$sxlivw$sr$sv$yrhiv$er}$sxliv$tevx$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl
vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli$weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj
er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih?$Epp${lmgl$vmklxw$evi$livif}$higpevih$xs$fi$wivzmxyhiw$erh$viep
fyvhirw$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$sr$erh$ejjigxmrk$epp$sxliv$tevxw$sj$xli$wemh
{lspi$perhw?
Viwivzmrk$xs$yw$xli$kverxivw$livisj$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$ws$jev$ew$rsx
livif}$hmwtsrih$erh$er}$erh$iziv}$tevx$xlivisj$,Jmvwx-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$epp$ywyep$tyvtswiw$epp
i|mwxmrk$tvmzexi$vsehw$erh${e}w0$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$erh$sxlivw$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}
hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih$erh$wygl$vsehw$erh${e}w$erh$sxlivw$wlepp$fi
qemrxemrih$f}$xli$tvstvmixsvw$xlivisj?$,Wigsrh-$xli$vmklx$xs$ywi$jsv$xli${exiv$wyttp}0$hvemreki
erh$wi{iveki$sj$xli$sxliv$tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$wemh${lspi$perhw$epp$i|mwxmrk$wtvmrkw0${ippw0$wxvieqw0
{exiv$gsyvwiw0$viwivzsmvw0$xerow0$tmtiw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw0$hvemrw0$hmxgliw0$wi{ivw$erh$sxlivw$mr
sv$yrhiv$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih${lmgl$evi$ex$tviwirx$ws$ywih${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$xli
qemrxirergi$sv$viri{ep$sv$epxivexmsr$sj$pizipw$sj$xli$weqi$sr$te}qirx$sj$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki
sggewmsrih$erh$,Xlmvh-$Epp$vmklxw$sj${e}$wivzmxyhiw0${exiv$vmklxw0${e}pieziw$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw
ex$tviwirx$i|mwxmrk${lixliv$jsvqepp}$gsrwxmxyxih$sv$rsx$ejjigxmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih2
Fyvhir$:
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Nslr$Kvi}$Werhmi$erh$Wxippe$Qevmer$Werhmi$xs$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh
erh$lmw$wyggiwwsvw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$5$Nyr2$5=970$sj$er$evie$sj$kvsyrh$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj
xli$Jevq$sj$Xmvevxlyv0$gsrxemrw$mrxiv$epme$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Viwivzmrk
,Wigsrh-$Xli${e}piezi$jsv$xli$szivlieh$ts{iv$pmri$ew$xli$weqi$mw$wls{r$ettvs|mqexip}$f}
fpego$pmriw$erh$qevoih$IXP$mr$fpego$fix{iir$xli$tsmrxw$evvs{ih$erh$pixxivih$E1F$erh$G1H$mr
fpyi$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet?
,Xlmvh-$Xs$yw$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$epp$vmklx$xs$vigimzi$er}$gsqtirwexmsr$jvsq$xli$wemh$Rsvxl$sj
Wgsxperh$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg$Fsevh$evmwmrk$jvsq$xlimv$gsrwxvygxmsrep$stivexmsrw$yrhiv$xli$wemh
Wgliqi?$Erh$mx$mw$livif}$higpevih$ew$jspps{w>
,Jmvwx-$Er}$i|mwxmrk$jirgiw0$h}oiw0${eppw0$hmxgliw$sv$hvemrw${lmgl${mpp$figsqi$xli$qevgl${mxl$xli
viqemrhiv$sj$xli$wemh$Jevq$sj$Xmvevxlyv$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw$erh$xli$wemh$evie$sj$kvsyrh$livif}
hmwtsrih$wlepp$figsqi$qyxyep$erh$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$ex$xli$nsmrx$i|tirwi$sj$yw$erh$syv
jsviwemhw$erh$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw0$xli$wemh$jirgiw0$h}oiw$erh${eppw$fimrk$ws
qemrxemrih$mr$wxsgotvssj$gsrhmxmsr?
,Wigsrh-$Er}$ehhmxmsrep$qyxyep$qevgl$jirgiw$viuymvih$wspip}$figeywi$sj$tperxmrk$wlepp$fi
ivigxih$ex$xli$wspi$i|tirwi$sj$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$sv$lmw$jsviwemhw$erh$wlepp$xliviejxiv$fi
qemrxemrih$ex$nsmrx$i|tirwi$ew$ejsviwemh0$erh
,Xlmvh-$Fsxl${i$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$erh$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$wlepp$lezi$vmklx$ex
xli$i|tirwi$sj$xli$tevx}$ws$hsmrk$xs$lerk$erh$qemrxemr${mvi$rixxmrk$sr$er}$qyxyep$jirgi$sv$xs
qeoi$mx$hiivtvssj2

Page 35

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
56$sj$7;
Fyvhir$;
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$[lmxipiilmpp$Jevq$Pmqmxih$xs$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$lmw$wyggiwwsvw0
vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$;$Ner2$5=:40$sj$evie$sj$kvsyrh$mr$tevmwl$sj$Oirqsvi0$gsrxemrw$xli
jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-
Er}$i|mwxmrk$jirgiw0$h}oiw0${eppw0$hmxgliw$sv$hvemrw${lmgl$witevexi$xli$evie$sj$kvsyrh$livif}
hmwtsrih$jvsq$ehnsmrmrk$perhw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw$wlepp$fi$qyxyep$erh$wlepp$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$yw
erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$ew$tvstvmixsvw$sj$wygl$ehnsmrmrk$perhw$erh$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw
jsviwemhw$ex$nsmrx$iuyep$i|tirwi0$xli$jirgiw0$h}oiw$erh${eppw$fimrk$ws$qemrxemrih$mr$wxsgotvssj
gsrhmxmsr?
,Wigsrh-
[livi$xli$qyxyep$fsyrhev}$mw$ex$tviwirx$yrjirgih0$xlex$mw0$epsrk$xli${iwxivr$fsyrhev}0$wygl
jirgiw$ew$evi$viuymvih${mpp$fi$ivigxih$f}$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$ex$lmw$wspi$i|tirwi$erh$xliviejxiv
qemrxemrih$ex$nsmrx$iuyep$i|tirwi$ew$ejsviwemh?$erh
,Xlmvh-
Fsxl${i$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$erh$syv$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$wlepp$lezi$vmklx$ex$xli
i|tirwi$sj$xli$tevx}$ws$hsmrk$xs$lerk$erh$qemrxemr${mvi1rixxmrk$sr$er}$qyxyep$jirgi$erh3sv$xs
qeoi$mx$hiivtvssj2
Fyvhir$<
Gsrxvegx$sj$I|geqfmsr0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$67$Jif2$5=:40$gsrxemrmrk$mrxiv$epme$Hmwtswmxmsr
f}$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$xs$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$lmw$wyggiwwsvw0$sj$kvsyrh$mr$xli
gsyrx}$sj$Tivxl0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw?
Epp$i|mwxmrk$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$wemh$evie$sj$perh$erh$xli$i|mwxmrk${exiv
wyttpmiw$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw$tivxemrmrk$xlivixs$xskixliv${mxl$e$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$xs$irxiv$sr$xli
viqemrhiv$sj$xli$wemh$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv$fipsrkmrk$xs$xli$wemh$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$ws
jev$ew$qe}$fi$rigiwwev}$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$mrwtigxmrk0$qemrxemrmrk$erh$mqtvszmrk$xli$i|mwxmrk
eggiww$vsehw0${exiv$wyttpmiw$erh$hvemreki$w}wxiqw$sr$te}qirx$sj$epp$heqeki$geywih$f}$xliwi
stivexmsrw$ew$xli$weqi$wlepp0$jempmrk$ekviiqirx0$fi$hixivqmrih$f}$e$wmrkpi$evfmxiv$qyxyepp}
ettsmrxih${lsq$jempmrk$f}$er$evfmxiv$xs$fi$rsqmrexih$f}$xli$Wlivmjj$sj$Tivxl$erh$Erkyw$sv$lmw
Wyfwxmxyxi$ex$Tivxl?
,Tvmqs-$Xli$i|mwxmrk$jirgi$sr$xli$wemh$evie$sj$perh$fix{iir$xli$tsmrxw$pixxivih$\$erh$]$mr$fpyi
sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$wlepp$fi$qehi$wxsgotvssj$ex$xli$wspi$i|tirwi$sj$xli$wemh$Wigvixev}$sj
Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$xliviejxiv$mx$wlepp$figsqi$qyxyep$erh$fi$qemrxemrih$mr$wxsgotvssj
gsrhmxmsr$ex$xli$nsmrx$iuyep$i|tirwi$sj$xli$wemh$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$sr$xli
sri$tevx$erh$xli$wemh$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$sr$xli$sxliv$tevx?

Page 36

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
57$sj$7;
,Wigyrhs-$Epp$sxliv$i|mwxmrk$jirgiw${lmgl${mpp$figsqi$xli$qevgl$fix{iir$xli$perh$fipsrkmrk$xs
xli$wemh$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$erh$xli$perh$fipsrkmrk$xs$xli$wemh$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh
wlepp$fi$qyxyep$erh$fi$qemrxemrih$ex$nsmrx$iuyep$i|tirwi$ew$ejsviwemh$xli$wemh$jirgiw$fimrk$ws
qemrxemrih$mr$wxsgotvssj$gsrhmxmsr?
,Xivxms-$Er}$ri{$qyxyep$qevgl$jirgiw${lmgl$qe}$fi$viuymvih$xs$irgpswi$xli$wemh$evie$sj$perh
jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi$wlepp$fi$ivigxih$ex$xli$wspi$i|tirwi$sj$xli$wemh
Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi$jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$wlepp$xliviejxiv$fi$qemrxemrih$mr$wxsgotvssj$gsrhmxmsr$ex
nsmrx$iuyep$i|tirwi$ew$ejsviwemh?$erh
,Uyevxs-$Fsxl$xli$wemh$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$erh$xli$wemh$Wigvixev}$sj$Wxexi
jsv$Wgsxperh$erh$lmw$jsviwemhw$wlepp$lezi$vmklx$ex$xli$i|tirwi$sj$xli$tevx}$ws$hsmrk$xs$lerk$erh
qemrxemr${mvi$rixxmrk$sr$er}$qyxyep$jirgi$sv$xs$qeoi$mx$hiivtvssj2
Fyvhir$=
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$[lmxipiilmpp$Jevq$Pmqmxih$xs$Eper$Hyrger$Piwpmi$Qipzmppi$erh$lmw$limvw$erh
ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$6;$Jif2$5=:60$sj$,M-$Qsvirmwl$Lsqi$Jevq0$,MM-$Qsvirmwl
Ryqfiv$X{s$Gvsjx0$Qsvirmwl$Ryqfiv$Xlvii$Gvsjx$erh$Kevhir$Gsxxeki$,yrhiv$i|gitxmsr-$erh
,MMM-$wivzmxyhi$sv$vmklx$sj$kve~mrk$wliit$sr$Iewx$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Viwivzexmsr$mr$jezsyv$sj$yw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$ew$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$i|gitxih$sj$epp
i|mwxmrk$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$wemh$i|gitxih$wyfnigxw$mrgpyhmrk${mxlsyx
tvinyhmgi$xs$xli$jsviksmrk$kirivepmx}$xli$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$x{s$vigxerkypev
eview$sv$tmigiw$sj$kvsyrh$sr$xli$wlsviw$sj$Psgl$Xe}$sziv$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$erh$sj
epp${exiv$erh$hvemreki$vmklxw$tivxemrmrk$xs$xli$wemh$i|gitxih$wyfnigxw${mxl$e$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$xs
irxiv$sr$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$mrwtigxmrk0$qemrxemrmrk$erh$mqtvszmrk
xli$eggiww$vsehw$erh$sj$mrwtigxmrk0$qemrxemrmrk0$mqtvszmrk$erh$mj$rigiwwev}$irpevkmrk$xli
{exiv$wyttpmiw$erh$hvemreki$w}wxiqw$mrgpyhmrk${mxlsyx$tvinyhmgi$xs$xli$jsviksmrk$kirivepmx}$e
vmklx$xs$mrwxep0$mqtvszi$sv$irpevki${exiv$xerow0$witxmg$xerow$erh$sxlivw$mr$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}
hmwtsrih$epp$wyfnigx$xs$te}qirx$sj$er}$heqeki$sggewmsrih$ew$xli$weqi$wlepp0$jempmrk
ekviiqirx0$fi$hixivqmrih$f}$e$wmrkpi$Evfmxiv$qyxyepp}$ettsmrxih${lsq$jempmrk$f}$er$Evfmxiv$xs
fi$rsqmrexih$f}$xli$Wlivmjj$sj$Tivxl$erh$Erkyw$sv$lmw$Wyfwxmxyxi2
Fyvhir$54
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Mer$Psvvmqiv$[exwsr$xs$Rsvxl$sj$Wgsxperh$L}hvs1Ipigxvmg$Fsevh0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2
,Tivxl-$6$Rsz2$5=:60$sj$kvsyrh$wmxyexih$xs$xli$rsvxl$wmhi$sj$Psgl$Xe}0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk
fyvhirw>
Yrhiv$viwivzexmsr$,Sri-$xs$xli$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$perhw$erh$iwxexiw$sj$Xmvevxlyv$sv$er}$tevx
xlivisj$erh$xlimv$xirerxw$erh$wivzerxw$sj$jviihsq$sj$eggiww$ex$xlimv$s{r$vmwo$sziv$epp$i|mwxmrk
vsehw$gsrwxvygxih$f}$hmwtsriiw$mrgpyhmrk$xlswi$livif}$hmwtsrih$wyfnigx$xs$xlimv$fimrk
viwtsrwmfpi$jsv$er}$heqeki$sggewmsrih$f}$xliq$xs$xli$wemh$vsehw$erh$,X{s-$xs$xli$tvstvmixsvw
sj$wygl$tevx$sj$wemh$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv$ew$fsyrh$Psgler1re1Pemvmki$Viwivzsmv$sj$e
jvii$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$sj$xvsyx$jmwlmrk$mr$xli$wemh$Psgler1re1Pemvmki$Viwivzsmv${lmgl$vmklx$wlepp$rsx
fi$ewwmkrih${mxlsyx$xli$gsrwirx$sj$q}$wemh$hmwtsriiw${mxl$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$xli$wemh$viwivzsmv
jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$jmwlmrk$erh$fsexmrk$xlivisr$erh$epws$xli$vmklx$xs$ivigx$erh$qemrxemr$e

Page 37

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
58$sj$7;
fsexlsywi$sr$xli$wlsvi$sj$xli$wemh$viwivzsmv?$Jyvxliv$q}$wemh$hmwtsriiw$yrhivxeoi$rsx$xs$pix
xli$xvsyx$jmwlmrkw$sr$xli$wemh$viwivzsmv$erh$mr$svhiv$xs$qmrmqmwi$er}$yreyxlsvmwih$jmwlmrk$mr$xli
wemh$viwivzsmv$xli}$wlepp$mr$xli$kverxmrk$sj$sggewmsrep$gsyvxiw}$tivqmxw$mwwyi$xli$weqi$srp}$f}
xli$lerhw$sj$e$viwtsrwmfpi$sjjmgmep${ls$wlepp$kmzi$rsxmgi$sj$xli$weqi$xs$xli$wemh$pewx$qirxmsrih
tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$wemh$tevx$sj$xli$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv2
Fyvhir$55
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Neqiw$Glevpiw$Qegref$xs$Eper$Hyrger$Piwpmi$Qipzmppi$erh$lmw$limvw$erh
ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$56$Sgx2$5=:;0$sj$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv0$gsqtvmwmrk$,M-
eview$sj$kvsyrh$p}mrk$xs$rsvxl$erh$wsyxl$wmhiw$sj$qemr$vseh$piehmrk$jvsq$Omppmr$xs$Oirqsvi$zme
Pe{ivw$,MM-$evie$sv$tmigi$sj$kvsyrh$jsvqivp}$ors{r$epsri$ew$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv$erh
,MMM-$537$egvi$sj$kvsyrh$ytsr${lmgl$mw$ivigxih$lsywi$Xmkl1er1Eppxemr$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk
fyvhir>
Wivzmxyhi$vmklx$mr$jezsyv$sj$qi$erh$q}$wyggiwwsvw$ew$tvstvmixsvw$sj$EPP$erh$[LSPI$xlex$evie
sj$kvsyrh$p}mrk$mr$xli$Tevmwl$sj$Omppmr$erh$Gsyrx}$sj$Tivxl$sr$sv$xs{evhw$xli$rsvxl${iwx$sj$xli
vemp{e}$pmri$piehmrk$jvsq$Omppmr$xs$xli$jsvqiv$Psgl$Xe}$Wxexmsr0$i|xirhmrk$mr$epp$xs$Jsyv$xlsywerh
erh$rmrixiir$higmqep$sv$sri1xlsywerhxl$tevxw$sj$er$egvi$sv$xlivif}$Mqtivmep$Qiewyvi0$erh
fsyrhih$ew$jspps{w>
Sr$sv$xs{evhw$xli$wsyxl1wsyxl1iewx$f}$xli$vseh{e}$jvsq$xli$wemh$jsvqiv$Psgl$Xe}$Wxexmsr$erh
xli$jsviwlsvi$xs$Omppmr0$epsrk${lmgl$mx$i|xirhw$Jsvx}$jiix$sv$xlivif}0$sr$sv$xs{evhw$xli$wsyxl$iewx
erh$ekemr$sr$sv$xs{evhw$xli$wsyxl1wsyxl1iewx$f}$kvsyrh$fipsrkmrk$xs$xli$Fvmxmwl$Xverwtsvx
Gsqqmwwmsr0$epsrk${lmgl$mx$i|xirhw$viwtigxmzip}$X{s$Lyrhvih$erh$x{irx}$x{s$jiix0$wm|$mrgliw
sv$xlivif}$erh$Rmrix}$wizir$jiix$wm|$mrgliw$sv$xlivif}0$sr$sv$xs{evhw$xli$rsvxl$iewx0$rsvxl1
rsvxl1{iwx$erh$rsvxl${iwx$f}$sxliv$kvsyrh$fipsrkmrk$xs$qi0$epsrk${lmgl$mx$i|xirhw$viwtigxmzip}
wm|x}$sri$jiix$sv$xlivif}0$Sri$lyrhvih$erh$x{s$jiix$sv$xlivif}0$erh$X{s$lyrhvih$erh$imklx}
jiix$sv$xlivif}0$zmhipmgix>
E$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli$i|mwxmrk${exiv$wyttp}${lmgl$mw$hve{r$jvsq$e$tsmrx$sr$xli$fyvr
p}mrk$xs$xli${iwx$sj$Hvyq1re1Pemvmki$Gsxxeki$ex$e$hmwxergi$sj$X{s$lyrhvih$erh$jmjx}$}evhw$sv
xlivif}$rsvxl$sj$wemh$Gsxxeki$erh$xs$xli$i|mwxmrk$mrxeoi$xero$ex$xlex$tsmrx$erh$wyttp}$tmtiw
piehmrk$xlivijvsq$xs$xli$wemh$Gsxxeki$erh$xs$xli$wemh$evie$sj$kvsyrh$mr$jezsyv$sj${lmgl$xlmw
wivzmxyhi$mw$gsrwxmxyxih0$mr$ws$jev$ew$xli$wemh$fyvr0$mrxeoi$xero0$erh$wyttp}$tmtiw$evi$wmxyexih$sr
xli$wemh$eview$sj$kvsyrh$livimrfijsvi$hmwtsrih$,Mr$xli$Jmvwx$Tpegi-${mxl$epp$rigiwwev}$vmklxw$sj
eggiww$xlivixs$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh$viri{ep0$fyx$xli$wemh$vmklxw${mpp$fi
irns}ih$nsmrxp}${mxl$q}$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$wyggiwwsvw$ew$tvstvmixsvw$sj$wemh$Gsxxeki$erh${mpp
fi$wyfnigx$xs$xli$gswx$sj$wygl$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh$viri{ep$fimrk$fsvri$iuyepp}$fix{iir
qi$erh$q}$wemh$wyggiwwsvw$erh$q}$wemh$hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$wemh$wyggiwwsvw0$i|gitx$mr$ws$jev$ew
wemh$tmtiw$wyttp}$srp}$xli$wemh$evie$sj$kvsyrh$mr$jezsyv$sj${lmgl$xlmw$wivzmxyhi$mw$gsrwxmxyxih0$mr
viwtigx$sj${lmgl$tmtiw$M$erh$q}$wemh$wyggiwwsvw${mpp$fi$wspip}$viwtsrwmfpi0$mx$fimrk$yrhivwxssh
xlex$epp$wyvjegi$heqeki$mr$gsrwiuyirgi$sj$er}${svow$mr$gsrrigxmsr${mxl$wygl$qemrxirergi0
vitemv0$viri{ep${mpp$fi$qehi$kssh$ex$xli$i|tirwi$sj$xli$tevx}$geywmrk$xli$weqi2
Fyvhir$56

Page 38

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
59$sj$7;
Kverx$sj$Wivzmxyhi$gsrxemrmrk$Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Ligxsv$Nslr$Werxw$erh$Ipwmi$Err$[exx$Litfyvr$sv
Werxw$xs$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih$erh$xlimv$wyggiwwsv$erh$ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2
,Tivxl-$6:$Rsz2$5=;70$sj$e$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$xs$hve{$erh$gsppigx$e$wyttp}$sj${exiv$jvsq$xli$fyvr$sr
xli$iewx$wmhi$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw$xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih${mxl$e$vmklx$xs
tpegi$wxsveki$xerow$erh$xs$pe}$erh$qemrxemr$e${exiv$tmti$xlvsykl$xli$perhw$erh$sxlivw$ors{r
ew$xli$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Xmvevxlyv$erh$sxlivw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw0$xli$mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw
wls{r$f}$xli$qeyzi$fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$ws$jev$ew$mx$ejjigxw$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$Xmxpi0
xskixliv$epws${mxl$e$vmklx$xs$irxiv$ytsr$xli$wemh$perhw$erh$sxlivw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw$jsv$xli
tyvtswi$sj$mrwxeppmrk0$mrwtigxmrk0$qemrxemrmrk0$vitemvmrk$erh$mj$rigiwwev}$viri{mrk$xli$wemh
wxsveki$xerow$erh${exiv$tmti$erh$xli$jmxxmrkw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw$xlivisj$epp$ex$xli$wspi$i|tirwi$sj
xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wyfnigx$ep{e}w$xs$qeomrk$kssh$sv$te}mrk
jsv$er}$heqeki$geywih$f}$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$jsviksmrk$wivzmxyhi$erh$sxliv$vmklxw$ew$xli$weqi
wlepp$jempmrk$ekviiqirx$fi$hixivqmrih$f}$e$wmrkpi$evfmxiv$qyxyepp}$ettsmrxih${lsq$jempmrk$f}$er
evfmxiv$xs$fi$rsqmrexih$f}$xli$Wlivmjj$sj$Tivxl$erh$Erkyw$sv$er}$sj$lmw$wyfwxmxyxiw0$gsrxemrw$xli
jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-
Xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw${mpp$te}$xs$yw$xli$wemh$Ligxsv$Nslr
Werxw$erh$Ipwmi$Err$[exx$Litfyvr$sv$Werxw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw$mr$s{rivwlmt$sj$xli$wemh$perhw
erh$sxlivw$er$erryep$wyq$sj$Jmzi$Tsyrhw$Wxivpmrk$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli$jsviksmrk$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw
erh$sxlivw$gsqqirgmrk$xli$jmvwx$sj$xli$erryep$te}qirxw$sr$xli$5$Ner2$5=;6$jsv$xli$}iev$xlir
gsqqirgmrk$erh$xliviejxiv$sr$5$Ner$mr$iegl$wyfwiuyirx$}iev?
,Wigsrh-
Xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$xs$gsrwxvygx$xli$wemh
wxsveki$xerow$erh$xs$pe}$xli$wemh${exiv$tmti$erh$xs$gevv}$syx$epp${svo$mr$e$xvehiwqer$pmoi
qerriv$epp$xs$xli$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$yw$sv$syv$wyggiwwsvw$higpevmrk$xlex$xli$wemh$xerow$erh$tmtiw
erh$xli$jmxxmrkw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw$erh$er}$epxivexmsrw$erh$viri{epw$xlivisj$wlepp$fi$gsrwxvygxih
mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$tperw$erh$wtigmjmgexmsrw$ettvszih$mr${vmxmrk$f}$yw$sv$syv$wyggiwwsvw$tvmsv$xs
xli$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$xli$stivexmsrw?$Higpevmrk$epws$xlex$xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih
erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$fsyrh$xs$ivigx$erh$xliviejxiv$qemrxemr$mr$epp$xmqi$gsqmrk$ex$xlimv
wspi$i|tirwi$er$ehiuyexi$wxsgotvssj$jirgi$vsyrh$xli$wemh${exiv$wxsveki$xerow$erh$xlex$er}
heqeki$hsri$xs$xli$wemh${exiv$wxsveki$xerow$erh$tmtiw$erh$sxlivw$f}$pmziwxsgo$sv$f}$er}$sxliv
geywi$fi$xli$wspi$viwtsrwmfmpmx}$sj$xli$wemh$Xli$Gevezer$Gpyf$Pmqmxih$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw?
,Xlmvh-
Rimxliv${i$rsv$syv$wyggiwwsvw0$wivzerxw0$xirerxw0$gsrxvegxsvw$sv$sxlivw$hivmzmrk$vmklx$jvsq$yw$sv
syv$wyggiwwsvw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$er}$heqeki$geywih$xs$xli$wemh$wxsveki$xerow$sv${exiv$tmti$sv
xs$xli$jmxxmrkw$erh$gsrrigxmsrw$tivxemrmrk$xlivixs$mr$xli$viewsrefpi$jsviwxv}0$ekvmgypxyvep$sv$vseh
qeomrk$stivexmsrw$sr$xli$wemh$perhw$erh$sxlivw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw?
,Jsyvxl-
Rs$kyeverxii$mw$kmzir$xs$xli$uyerxmx}$sv$uyepmx}$sj$xli${exiv$wyttp}$rs{$sv$ex$er}$xmqi$erh${i
erh$syv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$fi$i|iqtx$jvsq$epp$viwtsrwmfmpmx}$jsv$er}$epxivexmsr$sj$xli$wemh${exiv
wyttp}${lmgl$qe}$viwypx$jvsq$stivexmsrw$gevvmih$syx$f}$yw$sv$syv$jsviwemhw$higpevmrk$xlex$wlsyph

Page 39

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
5:$sj$7;
{i$sv$syv$jsviwemhw$higmhi$xs$gevv}$syx$wygl$stivexmsrw0$rsx$pexiv$xler$wm|$qsrxlw$tvmsv$xs$xli
hexi$sj$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$wygl$stivexmsrw?$erh
,Jmjxl-
Xli$vmklxw$sj$er}$sxliv$tevxmiw$mrxiviwxih$mr$wemh$fyvr$wlepp$rsx$fi$tvinyhmgih$mr$er}${e}$f}$xli
kverxmrk$sj$xlmw$wivzmxyhi2
Fyvhir$57
Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$gsrxemrmrk$Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Ligxsv$Nslr$Werxw$erh$Ipwmi$Err$[exx$Litfyvr$sv
Werxw$xs$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$ewwmkriiw0$vigsvhih
K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$56$Nyp2$5=;80$sj$e$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$erh$xspivergi$sj$mrwxeppmrk0$pe}mrk$hs{r$erh
qemrxemrmrk$yrhivkvsyrh$e$pmri$sj$hvemreki$erh$wsmp$tmti$erh$e$wseoe{e}$jsv$wivzmgmrk$erh
tyvmj}mrk$xlimv$wyfnigxw0$Xmv$Evxemv$Lsywi0$sziv$mr$erh$xlvsykl$syv$xli$Perhw$ors{r$ew$Qsvirmwl
Lsqi$Jevq$jvsq$xli$tsmrx$qevoih$E$erh$epsrk$xli$pmri$EF$erh$ew$xli$wemh$wseoe{e}$mw$wls{r
sr$xli$hiih$tper0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-
Xli$wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$viwxsvi
erh$qeoi$kssh$xs$syv$wexmwjegxmsr$er}$wyvjegi$heqeki$sggewmsrih$f}$xli$rigiwwev}${svow$sj
mrwxeppexmsr$pe}mrk$hs{r$erh$qemrxirergi$jsviwemh$erh$mr$xli$izirx$sj$er}$wiiteki$xs$xli
wyvjegi${lmgl$qe}$ex$er}$xmqi$sggyv$xli$weqi$wlepp$fi$qehi$kssh$ex$xli$wspi$i|tirwi$sj$xli
wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw?
,Wigsrh-
Xli$wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$ep{e}w
lezi$eggiww$xs$xli$wemh$hvemreki$erh$wsmp$tmti$erh$wseoe{e}$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$mrwtigxmsr0
gpiermrk0$vitemv0$qemrxirergi$erh$viri{ep$mj$rigiwwev}?
,Xlmvh-
Xli$wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$vitemv0
vitpegi$erh$vi1mrwxexi$xs$xlimv$jsvqiv$gsrhmxmsr$er}$jirgiw$sv$kexiw$xeoir$hs{r0$hmwqerxpih0
heqekih$sv$xiqtsvevmp}$viqszih$f}$xliq$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$ijjigxmrk$xli$mrwxeppexmsr0$pe}mrk
hs{r$erh${svow$sj$qemrxirergi0$viri{ep$sv$vitemv?
,Jsyvxl-
Xli$wemh$hvemreki$erh$wsmp$tmti$erh$wseoe{e}$wlepp$ep{e}w$fi$qemrxemrih$f}$xli$wemh$Vsfivx
Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$mr$e$xlsvsyklp}$kssh$wxexi
erh$wxerhevh$sj$qemrxirergi$erh$vitemv?
,Jmjxl-

Page 40

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
5;$sj$7;
Rimxliv${i$rsv$syv$wyggiwwsvw0$wivzerxw0$xirerxw0$gsrxvegxsvw$sv$sxlivw$hivmzmrk$vmklx$jvsq$yw$sv
syv$wyggiwwsvw$wlepp$fi$pmefpi$jsv$er}$heqeki$geywih$xs$xli$wemh$wseoe{e}$erh$hvemreki$erh
wsmp$tmti$mr$xli$viewsrefpi$i|ivgmwi$sj$ekvmgypxyvep$stivexmsrw$sr$wemh$perhw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw?
,Wm|xl-
Xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$erh$xspivergi$lew$fiir$kverxih${mxl$vijivirgi$xs$xli$tviwirx$wxexi$sj
xli$wemh$tvstivxmiw$fipsrkmrk$xs$yw$erh$wlepp$rsx$fi$i|xirhih$ws$ew$xs$ettp}$xs$er}$wyfwxerxmepp}
hmjjivirx$gsrhmxmsr$sj$qexxivw$sv$ws$ew$xs$qexivmepp}$mrgviewi$xli$fyvhirw$sr$syv$wemh$tvstivx}0
erh$xli$wemh$vmklx$wlepp$ex$epp$xmqiw$fi$i|ivgmwih$viewsrefp}$erh$ws$ew$xs$sggewmsr$ew$pmxxpi
mrgsrzirmirgi$ew$tswwmfpi$xs$yw$erh$syv$wyggiwwsvw?
,Wizirxl-
Xli$wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$wlepp$jvii
erh$vipmizi$yw$erh$syv$jsviwemhw$sj$er}$gpemqw$f}$xirerxw$mr$viwtigx$sj$mrxivvytxmsr$sj$xlimv$ywi
sj$xli$perh$hyvmrk$xli$tivmsh$sj$gsrwxvygxmsr$sj$wemh$wseoe{e}?$erh
,Imklxl-
Xli$wemh$Vsfivx$Erhivwsr$erh$Nier$Imve$Ih{evhw$sv$Erhivwsr$wlepp$mrhiqrmj}$yw$erh$syv
jsviwemhw$ekemrwx$er}$gpemq$jsv$psww0$mrnyv}$sv$heqeki${lmgl$qe}$fi$qehi$ekemrwx$yw$sv$syv
jsviwemhw$evmwmrk$mr$er}${e}$syx$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$livif}$kverxih2
Rsxi>$Xli$pmri0$ws$jev$ew$mx$ejjigxw$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi$mw$wls{r$f}$xli$fvs{r$tigoih$pmri$xs
xli$wemh$wseoe{e}${lmgl$mw$pixxivih$WE$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet2
Fyvhir$58
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Ligxsv$[mppeq$Litfyvr$Werxw$xs$Epi|erhiv$Fygler$erh$Nerixxi$Fyger$erh$xlimv
ewwmkriiw$erh$hmwtsriiw0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$8$Hig2$5==:0$sj$Qsvirmwl$Jevq$erh
Qsvirmwl$Lmpp$i|xirhmrk$xs$5<72;;$ligxeviw0$sj${lmgl$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi$jsvq$tevx0
gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
,Jmvwx-$Viwivzmrk$xlivijvsq$mr$jezsyv$sj$qi$erh$q}$wyggiwwsvw$ew$livmxefpi$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli
h{ippmrklsywi$ors{r$ew$erh$jsvqmrk$Qsvirmwl$Lsywi0$Omppmr$e$livmxefpi$erh$mvvihiiqefpi
wivzmxyhi$vmklx$xs$gsrxmryi$xs$hve{$e$wyttp}$sj${exiv$jvsq$xli$wsyvgi$psgexih${mxlmr$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih$xskixliv${mxl$vmklxw$sj$eggiww$xlivixs$jsv$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh${lir
rigiwwev}$viri{ep$sj$xli$wyttp}$tmtiw$erh$sxliv$iuymtqirx$gsqtvmwmrk$wemh${exiv$wyttp}$tmtiw
wyfnigx$xs$qeomrk$kssh$epp$heqeki$sggewmsrih$xlivif}?$higpevmrk$xlex$xli$gswx$sj$qemrxirergi0
vitemv$erh${lir$rigiwwev}$viri{ep$sj$wemh${exiv$wyttp}$w}wxiq$wlepp$fi$wlevih$eqsrkwx$qi
erh$q}$wyggiwwsvw$ew$ejsviwemh$erh$epp$sxliv$tevxmiw$ywmrk$xli$weqi$sr$e$iuymxefpi$fewmw
eggsvhmrk$xs$ywiv?
,Wigsrh-$xs$qi$erh$q}$wyggiwwsvw$ew$livmxefpi$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$viqemrmrk$tevxw$sj$xli$perhw
erh$iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl0$Jmrpemvk$erh$Xmvevxlyv$mr$xli$Gsyrx}$sj$Tivxl0$livmxefpi$erh
mvvihiiqefpi$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$xs$gsrxmryi$xs$ywi$xli$i|mwxmrk$tmtiw0$gefpiw0$gsrrigxmsrw$erh$xli
pmoi$,mj$er}-$jsv$xli$tvszmwmsr$sv$wyttp}$sj${exiv0$ipigxvmgmx}0$hvemreki$erh$xipitlsri$wivzmgiw

Page 41

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
5<$sj$7;
{lmgl$mr$xli$gewi$sj${exiv$erh$mrwsjev$ew$wygl$wyttp}$tewwiw$xlvsykl$xlex$tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw
livif}$hmwtsrih$p}mrk$xs$xli$Wsyxl$sj$xli$Omppmr$xs$Oirqsvi$tyfpmg$vseh$wlepp$fi$jsv$xli$tvmzexi
viwmhirxmep$ywi$sj$sri$h{ippmrklsywi$srp}0$xlivi$fimrk$rs$wygl$viwxvmgxmsr$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli
kvsyrh$xs$xli$rsvxl$sj$wemh$vseh0$xs$xli$sxliv$tevxw$sj$xli$perhw$erh$iwxexiw$mr$q}$s{rivwlmt
erh$tewwmrk$xlvsykl0$yrhiv$sv$sziv$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$xskixliv${mxl$xli$vmklxw$sj
eggiww$xlivixs${lir$rigiwwev}$jsv$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh$viri{ep$mr$qeomrk$kssh$epp
heqeki$sggewmsrih$xlivif}$,higpevmrk$xli$wemh$perhw$erh$iwxexi$sj$Qsvirmwl$erh$Xmvevxlyv
livimrfijsvi$vijivvih$xs$evi$xliwi$tevxw$sj$xli$wemh$perhw$erh$iwxexiw$viqemrmrk$mr$q}
s{rivwlmt$ex$xli$hexi$livisj-0
,Xlmvh-$xli$fsyrhevmiw$witevexmrk$xli$wyfnigxw$livif}$hmwtsrih$jvsq$xli$wemh$wyfnigxw
Qsvirmwl$Lsywi$viqemrmrk$mr$q}$s{rivwlmt$evi$livif}$higpevih$xs$fi$qyxyep$fsyrhevmiw$erh
{mpp$fi$qemrxemrih0$vitemvih$erh${lir$rigiwwev}0$viri{ih$ex$xli$qyxyep$i|tirwi$sj$q}$wemh
hmwtsriiw$erh$xli$tvstvmixsv$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$sj$Qsvirmwl$Lsywi2
Fyvhir$59
Kverx$sj$Wivzmxyhi$gsrxemrmrk$Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Epi|erhiv$Fygler$erh$Nerixxi$Fygler0$tvstvmixsv
sj$xli$perhw$ors{r$ew$Qsvirmwl$Jevq$erh$Qsvirmwl$Lmpp$i|xirhmrk$xs$5<72<;$ligxeviw
,livimrejxiv$geppih$&Tvstivx}$E&-$xs$Kverx$[mppmeq$Xmk{ipp$erh$Epi|erhve$Nier$Xmk{ipp$erh$xlimv
wyggiwwsvw$mr$s{rivwlmt0$tvstvmixsvw$sj$Hvyqrepevmk$Gsxxeki0$Omppmr0$vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$9
Qev2$644=0$sj$e$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$sj${e}piezi$xs$pe}0$qemrxemr$erh$viri{$e${exiv$tmti$sr$Tvstivx}
E$ew$e$qierw$sj$wyttp}mrk${exiv$jvsq$xli$Eppx$re$Fempgi$Fyvr$xs$Hvyqrepevmk$Gsxxeki0$xli
mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw$wls{r$f}$xli$}ipps{$fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$ws$jev$ew$mx
ejjigxw$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$fyvhirw>
Xskixliv${mxl$e$vmklx$sj$eggiww$f}$syv$hmwtsriiw$erh$xlimv$jsviwemhw$erh$xlswi$eyxlsvmwih$f}
xliq$sziv$Tvstivx}$E$jsv$xli$tyvtswiw$sj$qemrxemrmrk0$gpiermrk0$vitemvmrk$erh$viri{mrk$wemh
{exiv$tmti$erh$eggiww$xs$xli$wsyvgi$sr$xli$Fyvr$jvsq${lmgl${exiv$mw$xeoir$mrxs$xli$wemh$tmti
jsv$xli$tyvtswiw$sj$gpievmrk$xli$weqi0$epp$wygl${svo$xs$fi$yrhivxeoir$ws$ew$xs$geywi$qmrmqyq
hmwxyvfergi$erh$wyfnigx$xs$viwxsvexmsr$sj$xli$wyvjegi$sj$xli$kvsyrh$ew$e$viwypx$sj$wygl${svow2
Fyvhir$5:
Hmwtswmxmsr$f}$Epi|erhiv$Fygler$erh$Nerixxi$Fygler$xs$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$erh$lmw
ewwmkriiw0$vikmwxivih$5<$Nyr2$64590$sj$jsyv$eview$sj$kvsyrh$ex$Qsvirmwl0$Omppmr0$fimrk$xli
wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$viep$fyvhir$erh$wivzmxyhiw>
Tevx$5
Mrxivtvixexmsr
&xli$Hmwtsriv&$qierw$Epi|erhiv$Fygler$erh$Nerixxi$Fygler$erh$xlimv$wyggiwwsvw$ew$s{rivw
sj$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}?
&xli$Hmwtsrii&$qierw$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$erh$lmw$wyggiwwsvw$ew$s{rivw$sj$xli$Hmwtsrih
Tvstivx}?

Page 42

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
5=$sj$7;
&xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}&$qierw$xli$wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi?
&xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}&$qierw$xli$wyfnigxw$hiwgvmfih$mr$Hmwtswmxmsr$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Hmwtsriv
vigsvhih$K2V2W2$,Tivxl-$8$Hig2$5==:$yrhiv$i|gitxmsr$sj$epp$tevxw$hmwtsrih$sv$jiyih$wmrgi$xli
vigsvhmrk$sj$wemh$Hmwtswmxmsr$erh$yrhiv$i|gitxmsr$sj$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}?
&xli$Vixemrih$Vseh&$qierw$xli$eggiww$vseh$xmrxih$fvs{r$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$jsvqmrk$tevx
erh$tsvxmsr$sj$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}?
Tevx$6
Xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}$Wivzmxyhiw
Xli$jspps{mrk$wivzmxyhiw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Vixemrih
Tvstivx}>
52$E$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$,e-$xs$ywi$xli$,m-${exiv$wyttp}$tmti0$xli$mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw$wls{r$f}
xli$fpyi$fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$wemh$qet0$erh$xli$wseoe{e}$erh$witxmg$xero$erh$ewwsgmexih
iuymtqirx$psgexih$sr$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}0$xli$mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw$wls{r$f}$xli
fvs{r$fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$wemh$qet$erh$viwtigxmzip}$tvszmhmrk$e$wyttp}$sj${exiv$erh$hvemreki$xs
xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}0$,mm-$ipigxvmgmx}$gefpiw0$xli$mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw$wls{r$f}$xli$kviir
fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$wemh$qet$erh$,mmm-$xipitlsri$gefpiw0$xli$mrxirhih$vsyxi$sj${lmgl$mw$wls{r$f}
xli$vih$fvsoir$pmri$sr$xli$wemh$qet$,epp$livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$&Wivzmgi$Qihme&-$xskixliv${mxl
e$vmklx$xs$mrwtigx0$qemrxemr0$vitemv$erh${lir$rigiwwev}$viri{$wygl$Wivzmgi$Qihme$epsrk$epp
i|mwxmrk$vsyxiw?$,f-$sj$eggiww$mr$ws$jev$ew$viuymvih$xs$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$sr$epp$rigiwwev}
sggewmsrw$jsv$xli$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh${lir$rigiwwev}$viri{ep$sj$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme
wyfnigx$xs$xli$Hmwtsriv$kmzmrk$viewsrefpi$rsxmgi$xs$xli$Hmwtsrii$mr$ehzergi$sj$wygl$eggiww
fimrk$xeoir$,i|gitx$mr$xli$gewi$sj$iqivkirgmiw${livi$tvmsv$rsxmgi${mpp$rsx$fi$viuymvih-$erh$,g-
xs$hve{$e$wyttp}$sj${exiv$jvsq$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$xs$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}$zme$xli$wemh
{exiv$tmti$wyfnigx$xs$xli$Hmwtsrii$kmzmrk$rs${evverx}$vikevhmrk$xli$uyerxmx}$sv$uyepmx}$sj$er}
{exiv$wyttp}$xeoir$jvsq$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}?
Tevx$7
Gsrhmxmsrw$vipexmrk$xs$Tevx$6$Wivzmxyhiw
Xli$jspps{mrk$gsrhmxmsrw$vipexmrk$xs$Tevx$6$Wivzmxyhiw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}$mr
jezsyv$sj$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}>
52$Xli$Hmwtsriv${mpp>
525$qeoi$kssh$sr$hiqerh$epp$heqeki$geywih$xs$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$f}$viewsr$sj$xli
i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$f}$xli$Hmwtsriv$sv$lmw$xirerxw0$ekirxw0$iqtps}iiw0
{svoqir$erh$sxlivw$eyxlsvmwih$f}$xliq$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi0$xs$xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli
Hmwtsrii?
526$tvsgyvi$xlex$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$evi$i|ivgmwih$ws$ew$xs$geywi$xli$qmrmqyq
hmwxyvfergi0$rymwergi$sv$errs}ergi$viewsrefp}$tvegxmgefpi$xs$xli$Hmwtsrii$erh$lmw$xirerxw$sv
sggytmivw0$erh$epp$sxliv$ehnsmrmrk$sv$rimklfsyvmrk$tvstvmixsvw0$xirerxw$sv$sggytmivw?

Page 43

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
64$sj$7;
527$mrhiqrmj}$xli$Hmwtsrii$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$gpemqw0$hiqerhw0$i|tirwiw0$pmefmpmxmiw0$egxmsrw$sv
sxlivw$evmwmrk$mr$gsrwiuyirgi$sj$,e-$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$f}$xli$Hmwtsriv$sv
e$fviegl$sj$xli$wivzmxyhi$gsrhmxmsrw$gsrxemrih$ex$xlmw$Tevx$7$livisj$erh$,f-$er}$gsrxvezirxmsr$sj
,m-$Xli$Tvmzexi$[exiv$Wyttp}$,Wgsxperh-$Vikypexmsrw$644:$,sv$er}$qshmjmgexmsr0$i|xirwmsr$sv$vi1
iregxqirx$xlivisj$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$mr$jsvgi-$sv$,mm-$Xli$[exiv$Irzmvsrqirx$,Gsrxvsppih
Egxmzmxmiw-$,Wgsxperh-$Vikypexmsrw$6455$,ew$eqirhih0$sv$er}$qshmjmgexmsr0$i|xirwmsr$sv$vi1
iregxqirx$xlivisj$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$mr$jsvgi-$evmwmrk$mr$gsrwiuyirgi$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$wemh
wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$sv$e$fviegl$f}$xliq$sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$gsrhmxmsrw?
528$ex$epp$xmqiw$ex$xlimv$wspi$i|tirwi$qemrxemr$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme$mr$kssh$vitemv$erh$gsrhmxmsr$xs
xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Hmwtsrii?
62$Xlivi$mw$viwivzih$xs$xli$Hmwtsrii0${mxl$xli$gsrwirx$sj$xli$Hmwtsriv$,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi
yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih-$xli$vmklx$xs$vipsgexi$epp$sv$er}$tevx$sj$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme
tvszmhih$xlex$wygl$vipsgexmsr$hsiw$rsx$mqtemv$xli$ijjmgmirg}$sv$uyepmx}$sj$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme$mr
viwtigx$sj$xli$Hmwtsriv+w$ywi$xlivisj$sv$yrviewsrefp}$mrgviewi$xli$qemrxirergi$fyvhir$sv$gswx
jsv$xli$Hmwtsriv$erh$xlex$xli$Hmwtsrii$sfxemrw$epp$rigiwwev}$gsrwirxw$erh$qiixw$xli$gswxw$sj
vipsgexmrk$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme?
Tevx$8
Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$Wivzmxyhiw
Xli$jspps{mrk$wivzmxyhiw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Hmwtsrih
Tvstivx}>
52$E$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$epp$tyvtswiw0$mrgpyhmrk$fyx$rsx$pmqmxih$xs$gsqqivgmep$jsviwxv}
erh$xmqfiv$leypeki0$sziv$erh$egvsww$xli$Vixemrih$Vseh$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$eggiww$xs$erh
ikviww$jvsq$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$erh$jsv$eggiww$fix{iir$tevxw$erh$tsvxmsrw$sj$xli$Hmwtsrih
Tvstivx}?
Tevx$9
Gsrhmxmsrw$vipexmrk$xs$Tevx$8$Wivzmxyhiw
Xli$jspps{mrk$gsrhmxmsrw$vipexmrk$xs$Tevx$8$Wivzmxyhiw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$mr
jezsyv$sj$xli$Vixemrih$Tvstivx}>
52$Xli$Hmwtsriv${mpp>
525$qeoi$kssh$sr$hiqerh$epp$heqeki$geywih$xs$xli$Vixemrih$Vseh$f}$viewsr$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi
sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$f}$xli$Hmwtsrii$sv$sxlivw$eyxlsvmwih$f}$xliq$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi0$xs
xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Hmwtsriv?
526$mrhiqrmj}$xli$Hmwtsriv$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$pmefmpmxmiw$evmwmrk$mr$gsrwiuyirgi$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj
xli$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$f}$xli$Hmwtsrii$,sv$lmw$xirerxw0$ekirxw0$iqtps}iiw0${svoqir$erh$sxlivw
eyxlsvmwih$f}$lmq$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi-?

Page 44

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
65$sj$7;
527$fi$fsyrh$xs$gsrxvmfyxi$xs{evhw$xli$gswx$sj$qemrxirergi0$vitemv$erh$viri{ep$sj$xli$Vixemrih
Vseh$xli$gswx$xlivisj$wlepp$fi$ettsvxmsrih$eggsvhmrk$xs$ywiv?$erh
528$i|ivgmwi$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$sj$eggiww$mr$wygl$e$qerriv$ew$xs$geywi$xli$piewx$tvegxmgep
mrgsrzirmirgi$xs$xli$Hmwtsriv$erh$lmw$xirerxw$sv$sggytmivw0$erh$epp$sxliv$ehnsmrmrk$sv
rimklfsyvmrk$tvstvmixsvw0$xirerxw$sv$sggytmivw$,higpevmrk$jsv$xli$ezsmhergi$sj$er}$hsyfx$xlex
xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$wemh$wivzmxyhi$vmklx$sj$eggiww$jsv$epp$tyvtswiw${mpp$rsx$gsrwxmxyxi$wygl$er
mrgsrzirmirgi-?
Tevx$:
Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$viep$fyvhirw
Xli$jspps{mrk$viep$fyvhir$mw$mqtswih$sr$xli$Hmwtsrih$Tvstivx}$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Vixemrih
Tvstivx}>
52$Xli$Hmwtsrii$wlepp$rsx$fi$irxmxpih$xs$tperx$er}$xvii$sv$sxliv$wygl$tperx${mxl$i|xirwmzi$sv
mrzewmzi$vssxw${mxlmr$jmzi$qixviw$sj$xli$Wivzmgi$Qihme$vijivvih$xs$mr$Tevx$6$livisj${mxlsyx$xli
tvmsv${vmxxir$gsrwirx$sj$xli$Hmwtsriv2
Fyvhir$5;
Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$,xli$&Fyvhirih$S{riv&-$xs$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg
Ts{iv$Hmwxvmfyxmsr$tpg
,{ls$erh${lswi$wyggiwwsvw$ew$livmxefpi$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}$,livimrejxiv
hijmrih-$evi$livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$xli$&Firijmxih$S{riv&-$vikmwxivih$67$Etv$645<0$sj$xli
wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$xmxpi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$vmklxw$erh$gsrhmxmsrw?1
M2$HIJMRMXMSRW
525$Mr$xlmw$Hiih$xli$jspps{mrk${svhw$erh$i|tviwwmsrw$wlepp$lezi$xli$jspps{mrk$qiermrkw>
&Eggiww$Xvegow&>$xli$xvegow$wls{r$ew$fpego$fvsoir$pmriw$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet0${lmgl$jsvq$tevx
sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}?
&Firijmxih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$,5-$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$gyvvirxp}$s{rih
erh$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xskixliv${mxl$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$erh$,6-
xli$eview$sj$perh${lmgl$evi$s{rih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$yrhiv0$ytsr$erh$sziv${lmgl$wemh
hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$evi$mrwxeppih$sv$ivigxih$epp$ew$zevmih$sv
epxivih$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi?
&Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$xli$wyfnigx$mr$xlmw$xmxpi?
&Pmriw&>$epp$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$,ew$hijmrih$mr$wigxmsr$:8$sj$xli$Ipigxvmgmx}
Egx$5=<=-0${svow0$tspiw$erh$wxe}w$erh$epp$ettyvxirerx$ettevexyw$mrwxeppih$sv$xs$fi$mrwxeppih$sr
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?

Page 45

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
66$sj$7;
&Wglihypi&>$xli$wglihypi$mr$7$tevxw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Evie&>$xli$evie$sj$perh$wls{r$lexglih$fpyi$sr$xli$wemh$qet0$i|xirhmrk$xs$92:<
ligxeviw$sv$xlivif}$erh$fimrk$xli$evie$qiewyvmrk$gmvge$69$qixviw$imxliv$wmhi$sj$xli$girxvipmri
sj$xli$Pmriw$mrwxeppih$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$ex$xli$hexi$sj$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi
Vmklxw$erh$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$erh${lmgl$evie$mw$hiiqih$xs$fi$wxivmpmwih
jvsq$jyxyvi$gsqqivgmep$jsviwxv}$tperxmrk?
&Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw&>$xli$gsrhmxmsrw$yrhiv${lmgl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$evi$xs$fi$i|ivgmwih$wix
syx$mr$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw&>$xli$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx&>$WM\XIIR$XLSYWERH$SRI$LYRHVIH$ERH$IMKLX]$IMKLX
TSYRHW$,†5:05<<-$WXIVPMRK$wemh$te}qirx$fimrk$gepgypexih$sr$xli$fewmw$sj$†60<94$tiv
ligxevi?$erh
&Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr&>$XLMVX]$IMKLX$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH$X[IRX]$JSYV
TSYRHW$,†7<0:68-$WXIVPMRK$wemh$te}qirx$fimrk$gepgypexih$sr$xli$fewmw$sj$†:0<44$tiv
ligxevi2
Xlmw$mw$xli$Wglihypi$vijivvih$xs$mr$xli$jsviksmrk$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$mr
jezsyv$sj$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg$Ts{iv$Hmwxvmfyxmsr$Tpdg2
WGLIHYPI
Tevx$5
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw
Xli$jspps{mrk$livmxefpi$erh$mvvihiiqefpi$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}$mr
jezsyv$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}>
52Jsv$epp$tvstiv$tyvtswiw$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli
Wglihypi0$xli$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${mxl$sv${mxlsyx$zilmgpiw0
tperx$erh$iuymtqirx$erh$ex$epp$viewsrefpi$xmqiw$,erh$ex$er}$xmqi$mr$gewiw$sj$iqivkirg}-$sziv
xli$Eggiww$Xvegow$erh$xs$xiqtsvevmp}$tevo$zilmgpiw$xlivisr2
62Xli$vmklx$xs$ivigx0$vi1ivigx0$gsrwxvygx0$ywi0$mrwtigx0$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$tvsxigx0$vitpegi0$viri{0
wyttpiqirx0$gsrrigx$mrxs0$viqszi$sv$virhiv$yrywefpi$xli$Pmriw$erh$xs$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$viri{
erh$vitpegi$xli$gsrrigxmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$xs$sxliv$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$erh
sxlivw$mqqihmexip}$xs$xli$iewx$erh${iwx$sj$xli$Pmriw$ew$tevx$sj$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr
rix{svo$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh${mxl$vmklx$xs$fvieo$yt$ws$qygl$sj$xli$wyvjegi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$rigiwwev}$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$i|ivgmwmrk
xlmw$vmklx2

Page 46

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
67$sj$7;
72$Xli$vmklx$xs$jipp0$pst$sv$gyx$epp$xviiw$erh$wlvyfw$wxerhmrk$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${lmgl$,mr$xli
viewsrefpi$stmrmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv-0$qe}0$,mj$rsx$jippih0$psttih$sv$gyx-0$sfwxvygx$sv
mrxivjivi${mxl$xli$gsrwxvygxmsr0$qemrxirergi$sv$weji$stivexmsr$sj$er}$ettevexyw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xli$Pmriw2$Epp$jippmrk$sv$psttmrk$wlepp$fi$hsri$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$fiwx$jsviwxv}
lywferhv}$erh$tvegxmgi2$Rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xs$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$er}$xvii0$wlvyf$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$jippih$sv$psttih${mxlmr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$fyx$epp$xviiw0$wlvyfw$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$ws$jippih$sv$psttih$f}$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$fi$pijx$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$jsv$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$gviexih$f}$xlmw$Hiih$evi$wyfnigx$xs$xli$jspps{mrk$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw>
52$[lir$i|ivgmwmrk$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$xeoi
viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$qmrmqmwi$yrhyi$heqeki$sv$sfwxvygxmsr$xs$sv$mrxivjivirgi${mxl$xli
ywi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
62$[liriziv$rigiwwev}$jspps{mrk$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli
Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$imxliv$,ex$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$stxmsr-$,m-$qeoi$kssh$erh$viwxsvi$xli
wyvjegi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$sv$,mm-
sv$,mm-$te}$xli$tvstiv$erh$viewsrefpi$gswxw$mrgyvvih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$qeomrk$kssh
tl}wmgep$heqeki$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
72$Ws$jev$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$tvegxmgefpi$erh$jsv$ws$psrk$ew$xli$Pmriw$evi$ywih$jsv$sv$mr$gsrrigxmsr
{mxl$xli$xverwqmwwmsr$sv$hmwxvmfyxmsr$sj$ipigxvmgmx}0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Pmriw$mr
kssh$vitemv$erh$gsrhmxmsr$sv$virhivih$tivqerirxp}$weji2
82$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$mrhiqrmj}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$pmefmpmxmiw$mrgyvvih0
epp$heqeki$erh$psww$wyjjivih0$epp$gpemqw0$hiqerhw0$egxmsrw$erh$tvsgiihmrkw$evmwmrk$ew$e
gsrwiuyirgi$sj$er}$fviegl$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw$mr$xlmw$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi2
92$Te}$gsqtirwexmsr$xs$xli$s{riv$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$jsv$er}
{mrhfps{$sggyvvmrk${mxlmr$e$jmzi$}iev$tivmsh$jspps{mrk$xli$jippmrk$sj$xviiw$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}0${livi$wygl${mrhfps{$mw$ew$xli$viwypx$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw0$wezi$xlex
rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$yrhiv$xlmw$Gpeywi$9${livi$wygl$jippmrk$lew$fiir$gevvmih$syx
xs$e${mrh1jmvq$ihki$ekviih$fix{iir$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
:2Oiit$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mrhiqrmjmih$ekemrwx$epp$pswwiw$evmwmrk$f}$viewsr$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$sv$jempyvi$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw$,i|gitxmrk$er}$wygl
egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw$ew$qe}$evmwi$ew$e$viwypx$sj$xli$rikpmkirx$sv${vsrkjyp$egx$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mx+w$wivzerxw$sv$ekirxw-$tvszmhih$xlex$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv${mpp$rsx$wixxpi$sv
gsqtvsqmwi$er}$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw${mxlsyx$xli$tvmsv$gsrwirx$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih-2
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv+w$Sfpmkexmsrw
52$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx>

Page 47

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
68$sj$7;
,e-$qeoi$er}$epxivexmsr$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$rsv$tperx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$sv$ivigx$er}$wxvygxyvi
sr$sv$sziv$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
,f-$hs$er}xlmrk${livif}$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xlswi$tevxw$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$mqqihmexip}$ehnegirx$xlivixs$wlepp$fi$vemwih$ws$ew$xs$epxiv$xli$hmwxergi
fix{iir$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$erh$xli$Pmriw?$rsv
,g-$tivqmx$er}$wxvygxyvi$sr$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$fi${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$erh$wlepp$rsx
tivqmx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$xs$kvs{$ws$ew$xs$fi0$sv$gsqi${lir$jeppmrk0${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie
sxliv$xler${mxl$xli$tvmsv${vmxxir$gsrwirx$erh$yrhiv$xli$wytivzmwmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih$mr$tevxmgypev$mr$gmvgyqwxergiw${livi
wygl$epxivexmsr0$tperxmrk$sv$ivigxmsr$mw$rsx$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw$sv$mrxivjivi${mxl
xli$weji$stivexmsr$xlivisj-2
62$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$hs$er}xlmrk$xlex$qe}$sv$qe}$fi$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli
Pmriw$erh$mx$wlepp$xeoi$epp$viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$tvizirx$er}$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw2
72$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$mrxivjivi${mxl$sv$sfwxvygx$imxliv$xli$stivexmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$sv
xli$Firijmxih$Tvstvmixsv+w$eggiww$xs$xli$Pmriw$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$xli$xivqw$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
Fyvhir$5<
Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$,xli$&Fyvhirih$S{riv&-$xs$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg
Ts{iv$Hmwxvmfyxmsr$tpg
,{ls$erh${lswi$wyggiwwsvw$ew$livmxefpi$tvstvmixsvw$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}$,livimrejxiv
hijmrih-$evi$livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$xli$&Firijmxih$S{riv&-$vikmwxivih$67$Etv$645<0$sj$xli
wyfnigxw$mr$xlmw$xmxpi0$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk$vmklxw$erh$gsrhmxmsrw?1
M2$HIJMRMXMSRW
525$Mr$xlmw$Hiih$xli$jspps{mrk${svhw$erh$i|tviwwmsrw$wlepp$lezi$xli$jspps{mrk$qiermrkw>
&Eggiww$Xvegow&>$xli$xvegow$wls{r$ew$fpego$fvsoir$pmriw$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet0${lmgl$jsvq$tevx
sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}?
&Firijmxih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$,5-$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$gyvvirxp}$s{rih
erh$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xskixliv${mxl$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$erh$,6-
xli$eview$sj$perh${lmgl$evi$s{rih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$yrhiv0$ytsr$erh$sziv${lmgl$wemh
hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$evi$mrwxeppih$sv$ivigxih$epp$ew$zevmih$sv
epxivih$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi?
&Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$xli$wyfnigx$mr$xlmw$xmxpi?
&Pmriw&>$epp$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$,ew$hijmrih$mr$wigxmsr$:8$sj$xli$Ipigxvmgmx}
Egx$5=<=-0${svow0$tspiw$erh$wxe}w$erh$epp$ettyvxirerx$ettevexyw$mrwxeppih$sv$xs$fi$mrwxeppih$sr
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?

Page 48

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
69$sj$7;
&Wglihypi&>$xli$wglihypi$mr$7$tevxw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Evie&>$xli$evie$sj$perh$wls{r$lexglih$fvs{r$sr$xli$wemh$qet0$i|xirhmrk$xs$84;=
ligxeviw$sv$xlivif}$erh$fimrk$xli$evie$qiewyvmrk$gmvge$74$qixviw$imxliv$wmhi$sj$xli$girxvipmri
sj$xli$Pmriw$mrwxeppih$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$ex$xli$hexi$sj$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi
Vmklxw$erh$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$erh${lmgl$evie$mw$hiiqih$xs$fi$wxivmpmwih
jvsq$jyxyvi$gsqqivgmep$jsviwxv}$tperxmrk?
&Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw&>$xli$gsrhmxmsrw$yrhiv${lmgl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$evi$xs$fi$i|ivgmwih$wix
syx$mr$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw&>$xli$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx&>$XLMVXIIR$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH$JMJX]$SRI$TSYRHW
ERH$JMJX]$TIRGI$,†570:95294-$wemh$te}qirx$fimrk$gepgypexih$sr$xli$fewmw$sj$†60<94$tiv
ligxevi?$erh
&Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr&>$XLMVX]$X[S$XLSYWERH$JMZI$LYRHVIH$ERH$WIZIRX]$X[S
TSYRHW$,†7609;6-$TSYRHW$wemh$te}qirx$fimrk$gepgypexih$sr$xli$fewmw$sj$†:0<44$tiv
ligxevi2
Xlmw$mw$xli$Wglihypi$vijivvih$xs$mr$xli$jsviksmrk$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$mr
jezsyv$sj$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg$Ts{iv$Hmwxvmfyxmsr$tPg2
WGLIHYPI
Tevx$5
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw
Xli$jspps{mrk$livmxefpi$erh$mvvihiiqefpi$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}$mr
jezsyv$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}>
52Jsv$epp$tvstiv$tyvtswiw$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli
Wglihypi0$xli$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${mxl$sv${mxlsyx$zilmgpiw0
tperx$erh$iuymtqirx$erh$ex$epp$viewsrefpi$xmqiw$,erh$ex$er}$xmqi$mr$gewiw$sj$iqivkirg}-$sziv
xli$Eggiww$Xvegow$erh$xs$xiqtsvevmp}$tevo$zilmgpiw$xlivisr2
62Xli$vmklx$xs$ivigx0$vi1ivigx0$gsrwxvygx0$ywi0$mrwtigx0$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$tvsxigx0$vitpegi0$viri{0
wyttpiqirx0$gsrrigx$mrxs0$viqszi$sv$virhiv$yrywefpi$xli$Pmriw$erh$xs$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$viri{
erh$vitpegi$xli$gsrrigxmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$xs$sxliv$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$erh
sxlivw$mqqihmexip}$xs$xli$iewx$erh${iwx$sj$xli$Pmriw$ew$tevx$sj$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr
rix{svo$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh${mxl$vmklx$xs$fvieo$yt$ws$qygl$sj$xli$wyvjegi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$rigiwwev}$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$i|ivgmwmrk
xlmw$vmklx2

Page 49

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
6:$sj$7;
72$Xli$vmklx$xs$jipp0$pst$sv$gyx$epp$xviiw$erh$wlvyfw$wxerhmrk$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${lmgl$,mr$xli
viewsrefpi$stmrmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv-0$qe}0$,mj$rsx$jippih0$psttih$sv$gyx-0$sfwxvygx$sv
mrxivjivi${mxl$xli$gsrwxvygxmsr0$qemrxirergi$sv$weji$stivexmsr$sj$er}$ettevexyw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xli$Pmriw2$Epp$jippmrk$sv$psttmrk$wlepp$fi$hsri$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$fiwx$jsviwxv}
lywferhv}$erh$tvegxmgi2$Rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xs$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$er}$xvii0$wlvyf$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$jippih$sv$psttih${mxlmr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$fyx$epp$xviiw0$wlvyfw$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$ws$jippih$sv$psttih$f}$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$fi$pijx$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$jsv$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$gviexih$f}$xlmw$Hiih$evi$wyfnigx$xs$xli$jspps{mrk$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw>
52$[lir$i|ivgmwmrk$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$xeoi
viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$qmrmqmwi$yrhyi$heqeki$sv$sfwxvygxmsr$xs$sv$mrxivjivirgi${mxl$xli
ywi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
62$[liriziv$rigiwwev}$jspps{mrk$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli
Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$imxliv$,ex$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$stxmsr-$,m-$qeoi$kssh$erh$viwxsvi$xli
wyvjegi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$sv$,mm-
sv$,mm-$te}$xli$tvstiv$erh$viewsrefpi$gswxw$mrgyvvih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$qeomrk$kssh
tl}wmgep$heqeki$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
72$Ws$jev$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$tvegxmgefpi$erh$jsv$ws$psrk$ew$xli$Pmriw$evi$ywih$jsv$sv$mr$gsrrigxmsr
{mxl$xli$xverwqmwwmsr$sv$hmwxvmfyxmsr$sj$ipigxvmgmx}0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Pmriw$mr
kssh$vitemv$erh$gsrhmxmsr$sv$virhivih$tivqerirxp}$weji2
82$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$mrhiqrmj}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$pmefmpmxmiw$mrgyvvih0
epp$heqeki$erh$psww$wyjjivih0$epp$gpemqw0$hiqerhw0$egxmsrw$erh$tvsgiihmrkw$evmwmrk$ew$e
gsrwiuyirgi$sj$er}$fviegl$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw$mr$xlmw$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi2
92$Te}$gsqtirwexmsr$xs$xli$s{riv$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$jsv$er}
{mrhfps{$sggyvvmrk${mxlmr$e$jmzi$}iev$tivmsh$jspps{mrk$xli$jippmrk$sj$xviiw$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}0${livi$wygl${mrhfps{$mw$ew$xli$viwypx$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw0$wezi$xlex
rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$yrhiv$xlmw$Gpeywi$9${livi$wygl$jippmrk$lew$fiir$gevvmih$syx
xs$e${mrh1jmvq$ihki$ekviih$fix{iir$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
:2Oiit$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mrhiqrmjmih$ekemrwx$epp$pswwiw$evmwmrk$f}$viewsr$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$sv$jempyvi$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw$,i|gitxmrk$er}$wygl
egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw$ew$qe}$evmwi$ew$e$viwypx$sj$xli$rikpmkirx$sv${vsrkjyp$egx$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mx+w$wivzerxw$sv$ekirxw-$tvszmhih$xlex$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv${mpp$rsx$wixxpi$sv
gsqtvsqmwi$er}$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw${mxlsyx$xli$tvmsv$gsrwirx$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih-2
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv+w$Sfpmkexmsrw
52$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx>

Page 50

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
6;$sj$7;
,e-$qeoi$er}$epxivexmsr$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$rsv$tperx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$sv$ivigx$er}$wxvygxyvi
sr$sv$sziv$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
,f-$hs$er}xlmrk${livif}$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xlswi$tevxw$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$mqqihmexip}$ehnegirx$xlivixs$wlepp$fi$vemwih$ws$ew$xs$epxiv$xli$hmwxergi
fix{iir$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$erh$xli$Pmriw?$rsv
,g-$tivqmx$er}$wxvygxyvi$sr$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$fi${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$erh$wlepp$rsx
tivqmx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$xs$kvs{$ws$ew$xs$fi0$sv$gsqi${lir$jeppmrk0${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie
sxliv$xler${mxl$xli$tvmsv${vmxxir$gsrwirx$erh$yrhiv$xli$wytivzmwmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih$mr$tevxmgypev$mr$gmvgyqwxergiw${livi
wygl$epxivexmsr0$tperxmrk$sv$ivigxmsr$mw$rsx$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw$sv$mrxivjivi${mxl
xli$weji$stivexmsr$xlivisj-2
62$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$hs$er}xlmrk$xlex$qe}$sv$qe}$fi$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli
Pmriw$erh$mx$wlepp$xeoi$epp$viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$tvizirx$er}$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw2
72$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$mrxivjivi${mxl$sv$sfwxvygx$imxliv$xli$stivexmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$sv
xli$Firijmxih$Tvstvmixsv+w$eggiww$xs$xli$Pmriw$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$xli$xivqw$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
Fyvhir$5=
Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$,livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$&xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv&-
xs$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg$Ts{iv$Hmwxvmfyxmsr$TPG$,livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$&xli$Firijmxih
S{riv&-0$vikmwxivih$57$Qe}$64640$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk>
52$HIJMRMXMSRW$ERH$MRXIVTVIXEXMSR
525$Mr$xlmw$Hiih$xli$jspps{mrk${svhw$erh$i|tviwwmsrw$wlepp$lezi$xli$jspps{mrk$qiermrkw>
&Eggiww$Tsmrxw&>$xli$eggiww$tsmrxw$wls{r$f}$gvswwiw$gspsyvih$tyvtpi$sr$xli$Tperw${lmgl$jsvq
tevx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}?
&Firijmxih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$,5-$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$gyvvirxp}$s{rih
erh$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xskixliv${mxl$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$erh$,6-
xli$eview$sj$perh${lmgl$evi$s{rih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$yrhiv0$ytsr$erh$sziv${lmgl$wemh
hmwxvmfyxmsr$rix{svo$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$evi$mrwxeppih$sv$ivigxih$epp$ew$zevmih$sv
epxivih$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi?
&Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$xli$wyfnigxw$wls{r$syxpmrih$mr$vih$sr$xli$Tperw0$fimrk
tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$ex$Qsvirmwl0$Omppmr0$vikmwxivih$mr$xli$Perh$Vikmwxiv$sj$Wgsxperh$yrhiv$Xmxpi
Ryqfiv$TXL5<668?
&Pmriw&>$epp$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$,ew$hijmrih$mr$wigxmsr$:8$sj$xli$Ipigxvmgmx}
Egx$5=<=-0${svow0$tspiw$erh$wxe}w$erh$epp$ettyvxirerx$ettevexyw$mrwxeppih$sv$xs$fi$mrwxeppih$sr
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
&Tperw&>$xli$x{s$tperw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?

Page 51

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
6<$sj$7;
&Wglihypi&>$xli$wglihypi$mr$7$tevxw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Evie&>$xli$evie$sj$perh$wls{r$ihkih$fvs{r$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$i|xirhmrk$xs$:2;;
ligxeviw$sv$xlivif}$erh$fimrk$xli$evie$qiewyvmrk$gmvge$69$qixviw$imxliv$wmhi$sj$xli$girxvipmri
sj$xli$Pmriw$mrwxeppih$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$ex$xli$hexi$sj$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi
Vmklxw$erh$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$erh${lmgl$evie$mw$hiiqih$xs$fi$wxivmpmwih
jvsq$jyxyvi$gsqqivgmep$jsviwxv}$tperxmrk?
&Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw&>$xli$gsrhmxmsrw$yrhiv${lmgl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$evi$xs$fi$i|ivgmwih$wix
syx$mr$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw&>$xli$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx&>$X[IRX]$SRI$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH$XLMVX]$SRI
TSYRHW$ERH$JMJX]$TIRGI$,†650:75294-$WXIVPMRK?$erh
&Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr&>$SRI$LYRHVIH$ERH$X[IRX]$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH
WIZIR$TSYRHW$ERH$X[IRX]$WIZIR$TIRGI$,†5640:4;26;-$WXIVPMRK2
526$[livi$ex$er}$sri$xmqi$xlivi$evi$x{s$sv$qsvi$tivwsrw$mrgpyhih$mr$xli$i|tviwwmsr$&Firijmxih
S{riv&$sv$&Fyvhirih$S{riv&$sfpmkexmsrw$gsrxemrih$mr$xlmw$Hiih${lmgl$evi$i|tviwwih$xs$fi
qehi$f}$xli$tevx}$hirsxih$f}$xli$i|tviwwmsr$mr$uyiwxmsr$evi$fmrhmrk$nsmrxp}$erh$wizivepp}$sr
xliq$erh$xlimv$viwtigxmzi$i|igyxsvw$erh$vitviwirxexmziw${lsqwsiziv${mxlsyx$xli$rigiwwmx}$sj
hmwgywwmrk$xliq$mr$xlimv$svhiv2
527$Er}$vijivirgi$xs$e$Gpeywi0$Wglihypi$sv$Tevx$sj$xli$Wglihypi$mw$xs$xli$vipizerx$Gpeywi0
Wglihypi$sv$Tevx$sj$xli$Wglihypi$sj$sv$xs$xlmw$Hiih2
528$Er}$vmklxw$viwivzih$xs$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$evi$i|ivgmwefpi$f}$xli$xirerxw0$ekirxw0
iqtps}iiw0${svoqir$erh$sxlivw$eyxlsvmwih$f}$xliq$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi2
529$Xli$Wglihypi$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
62$KVERX$SJ$WIVZMXYHI
Mr$gsrwmhivexmsr$sj$xli$wyq$sj$WM\$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH$RMRIX]$RMRI$TSYRHW
ERH$X[IRX]$JMZI$TIRGI$,†:0:==269-$WXIVPMRK$temh$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$f}$xli
Firijmxih$S{riv0$,xli$vigimtx$sj${lmgl$mw$livif}$egors{pihkih-$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$kverxw
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$fyx$wyfnigx$ep{e}w$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw2$Mr$ehhmxmsr0$xli$Fyvhirih
S{riv$eggitxw$xli$Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx$mr$jypp$erh$jmrep$wixxpiqirx$sj$epp$gpemqw$evmwmrk$mr
viwtigx$sj$epp$erh$er}$gpemqw$xlex$xli}$lezi$evmwmrk$jvsq$xli$wxivmpmwexmsr$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie
jvsq$jyxyvi$jsviwxv}$tperxmrk$erh$eggitxw$te}qirx$sj$xli$Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr$mr$jypp$erh
jmrep$wixxpiqirx$sj$epp$gpemqw$evmwmrk$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$erh$er}$gpemqw$xlex$xli}$lezi$evmwmrk$jvsq
xli$psww$sj$xmqfiv$ewwsgmexih${mxl$xli$mrmxmep$gpievergi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$wezi$mr$viwtigx$sj
er}$gsqtirwexmsr$te}efpi$tyvwyerx$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw2
72$HEXI$SJ$GSQQIRGIQIRX$SJ$WIVZMXYHI

Page 52

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
6=$sj$7;
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$kverxih$f}$xlmw$Hiih${mpp$fi$i|ivgmwefpi${mxl$ijjigx$jvsq$xli$pewx$hexi$sj
i|igyxmsr2
82$S[RIVWLMT$SJ$PMRIW
Xli$Pmriw$wlepp$fi$erh$wlepp$viqemr$xli$tvstivx}$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv2
92$SFPMKEXMSRW$SR$XLI$FYVHIRIH$S[RIV
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$yrhivxeoiw$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$sfpmkexmsrw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$7$sj$xli
Wglihypi
:2$RS$PERHW$XVMFYREP$ETTPMGEXMSRW
Rs$ettpmgexmsr$qe}$fi$qehi$xs$xli$Perhw$Xvmfyrep$jsv$Wgsxperh$yrhiv$wigxmsr$=4,5-$,e-$,m-$sj$xli
Xmxpi$Gsrhmxmsrw$,Wgsxperh-$Egx$6447$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli$wivzmxyhiw$wix$syx$mr$xlmw$Hiih$jsv$e$tivmsh
sj$jmzi$}ievw$ejxiv$xli$vikmwxvexmsr$sj$xlmw$Hiih$mr$xli$Perh$Vikmwxiv$sj$Wgsxperh2
;2$[EVVERHMGI
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$kverxw${evverhmgi2
<2$HMWTYXI$VIWSPYXMSR
<25$Er}$hmwtyxi$evmwmrk$yrhiv$xlmw$Hiih$wlepp$fi$hixivqmrih$f}$e$wmrkpi$i|tivx0${lswi
ettsmrxqirx$mw$xs$fi$ekviih$ytsr$fix{iir$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$erh$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv0$sv
jempmrk$ekviiqirx0$xs$fi$ettsmrxih$sr$xli$ettpmgexmsr$sj$imxliv$tevx}$,ejxiv$rsxmgi$mr${vmxmrk$xs$xli
sxliv-$f}$xli$Glemvqer$sj$xli$Wgsxxmwl$Fvergl$sj$xli$Vs}ep$Mrwxmxyxmsr$sj$Glevxivih$Wyvzi}svw2
<26$Xli$i|tivx+w$jiiw$erh$er}$gswxw$tvstivp}$mrgyvvih$f}$lmq$mr$evvmzmrk$ex$lmw$hixivqmrexmsr
,mrgpyhmrk$er}$jiiw$erh$gswxw$sj$er}$ehzmwivw$ettsmrxih$f}$xli$i|tivx-$wlepp$fi$fsvri$f}$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$erh$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$mr$wygl$tvstsvxmsrw$ew$xli$i|tivx$wlepp$hmvigx2
=2$RSXMGIW
=25$Epp$rsxmgiw$wlepp$fi$mr${vmxmrk2
=26$Er}$rsxmgi$wlepp$fi$wyjjmgmirxp}$wivzih$mj$wirx$f}$vikmwxivih$tswx$sv$vigsvhih$hipmziv}$xs>
=2625$xli$tevx}$gsrgivrih$ex$mxw$vikmwxivih$sjjmgi$,mj$mrgsvtsvexih$mr$xli$YO-0$qevoih$jsv$xli
exxirxmsr$sj$xli$gsqter}$wigvixev}0$sv
=2626$xli$tevx}$gsrgivrih$ex$mxw$pewx$ors{r$ehhviww$mr$xli$YO$,mj$er$mrhmzmhyep$sv$tevxrivwlmt-
=27$Er}$rsxmgi$wirx$f}$vikmwxivih$tswx$sv$vigsvhih$hipmziv}$wlepp$fi$ewwyqih$xs$lezi$fiir
wivzih$8<$lsyvw$ejxiv$mx$mw$tswxih2
=28$Xs$tvszi$wivzmgi$mx$wlepp$fi$irsykl$xs$tvszi$xlex$xli$irzipsti$gsrxemrmrk$xli$rsxmgi${ew
gsvvigxp}$ehhviwwih$erh${ew$tswxih$xs$xli$tpegi$xs${lmgl$mx${ew$ehhviwwih

Page 53

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
74$sj$7;
WGLIHYPI
Tevx$5
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw
Xli$jspps{mrk$livmxefpi$erh$mvvihiiqefpi$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}>
52$Jsv$epp$tvstiv$tyvtswiw$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli
Wglihypi0$xli$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${mxl$sv${mxlsyx$zilmgpiw0
tperx$erh$iuymtqirx$erh$ex$epp$viewsrefpi$xmqiw$,erh$ex$er}$xmqi$mr$gewiw$sj$iqivkirg}-
xlvsykl$xli$Eggiww$Tsmrxw$sziv$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$ywmrk$vsyxiw$xs$fi$ekviih$fix{iir$xli
tevxmiw$egxmrk$viewsrefp}$,fyx$mr$xli$gewi$sj$iqivkirg}$sziv$xli$qswx$tvegxmgep$vsyxi-$erh$xs
xiqtsvevmp}$tevo$zilmgpiw$xlivisr2
62$Xli$vmklx$xs$ivigx0$vi1ivigx0$gsrwxvygx0$ywi0$mrwtigx0$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$tvsxigx0$vitpegi0$viri{0
wyttpiqirx0$gsrrigx$mrxs0$viqszi$sv$virhiv$yrywefpi$xli$Pmriw$erh$xs$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$viri{
erh$vitpegi$xli$gsrrigxmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$xs$sxliv$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$erh
sxlivw$mqqihmexip}$xs$xli$iewx$erh${iwx$sj$xli$Pmriw$ew$tevx$sj$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$hmwxvmfyxmsr
rix{svo$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh${mxl$vmklx$xs$fvieo$yt$ws$qygl$sj$xli$wyvjegi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$rigiwwev}$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$i|ivgmwmrk
xlmw$vmklx2
72$Xli$vmklx$xs$jipp0$pst$sv$gyx$epp$xviiw$erh$wlvyfw$wxerhmrk$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${lmgl$,mr$xli
viewsrefpi$stmrmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv-0$qe}0$,mj$rsx$jippih0$psttih$sv$gyx-0$sfwxvygx$sv
mrxivjivi${mxl$xli$gsrwxvygxmsr0$qemrxirergi$sv$weji$stivexmsr$sj$er}$ettevexyw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xli$Pmriw2$Rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xs$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$er}$xvii0$wlvyf$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$jippih$sv$psttih${mxlmr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$fyx$epp$xviiw0$wlvyfw$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$ws$jippih$sv$psttih$f}$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$fi$pijx$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$jsv$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
Tevx$6
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$gviexih$f}$xlmw$Hiih$evi$wyfnigx$xs$xli$jspps{mrk$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw>
52$[lir$i|ivgmwmrk$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$xeoi
viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$qmrmqmwi$yrhyi$heqeki$sv$sfwxvygxmsr$xs$sv$mrxivjivirgi${mxl$xli
ywi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
62$Tvmsv$xs$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$er}$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$kmzi$viewsrefpi$rsxmgi$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$i|gitx$mr$xli$gewi$sj$er
iqivkirg}0${lir$rs$rsxmgi$riih$fi$kmzir2
72$[liriziv$rigiwwev}$jspps{mrk$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli
Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$imxliv$,ex$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$stxmsr-$,m-$qeoi$kssh$erh$viwxsvi$xli
wyvjegi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$sv$,mm-

Page 54

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
75$sj$7;
te}$xli$tvstiv$erh$viewsrefpi$gswxw$mrgyvvih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$qeomrk$kssh$tl}wmgep
heqeki$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}0$erh$mj$jsv$er}$viewsr$xli$heqeki$gerrsx$fi$qehi$kssh$sv$mj
xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$xlswi$hivmzmrk$vmklx$jvsq$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$lezi$wyjjivih$er}$hmvigx
psww$sv$mrgyvvih$ehhmxmsrep$i|tirwi$hmvigxp}$exxvmfyxefpi$xs$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$jempyvi$xs$hs
ws0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$te}$gsqtirwexmsr$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mxw$jsviwemhw$ex$e
jemv$erh$iuymxefpi$vexi2
82$Ws$jev$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$tvegxmgefpi$erh$jsv$ws$psrk$ew$xli$Pmriw$evi$ywih$jsv$sv$mr$gsrrigxmsr
{mxl$xli$xverwqmwwmsr$sv$hmwxvmfyxmsr$sj$ipigxvmgmx}0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Pmriw$mr
kssh$vitemv$erh$gsrhmxmsr$sv$virhivih$tivqerirxp}$weji2
92$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$te}$gsqtirwexmsr$,xs$fi$gepgypexih$lezmrk$vikevh$xs$xli$xlir
stir$qevoix$zepyi$sj$xli$xmqfiv$gsrgivrih-$xs$xli$s{riv$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$sj$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}$jsv$er}${mrhfps{$sggyvvmrk${mxlmr$e$jmzi$}iev$tivmsh$jspps{mrk$xli$jippmrk$sj$xviiw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie0${livi$wygl${mrhfps{$mw$ew$xli$viwypx$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw2
:2$Epp$jippmrk$sv$psttmrk$wlepp$fi$hsri$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$fiwx$jsviwxv}$lywferhv}$erh$tvegxmgi
erh$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$e$qixlsh$wxexiqirx$xs$fi$ettvszih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$egxmrk
viewsrefp}2
;2$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mrhiqrmjmih$ekemrwx$epp$pmefmpmxmiw
mrgyvvih0$epp$heqeki$erh$psww$wyjjivih0$epp$gpemqw0$hiqerhw0$egxmsrw$erh$tvsgiihmrkw$evmwmrk$f}
viewsr$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$sv$jempyvi$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
,i|gitxmrk$er}$wygl$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw$ew$qe}$evmwi$ew$e$viwypx$sj$xli$rikpmkirx$sv
{vsrkjyp$egx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mxw$wivzerxw$sv$ekirxw-$tvszmhih$xlex$xli$Fyvhirih
S{riv${mpp$rsx$wixxpi$sv$gsqtvsqmwi$er}$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw${mxlsyx$xli$tvmsv$gsrwirx
sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih-2
Tevx$7
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv+w$Sfpmkexmsrw
52$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx>
,e-$qeoi$er}$epxivexmsr$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$rsv$tperx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$sv$ivigx$er}$wxvygxyvi
sr$sv$sziv$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
,f-$hs$er}xlmrk${livif}$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xlswi$tevxw$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$mqqihmexip}$ehnegirx$xlivixs$wlepp$fi$vemwih$ws$ew$xs$epxiv$xli$hmwxergi
fix{iir$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$erh$xli$Pmriw?$rsv
,g-$tivqmx$er}$wxvygxyvi$sr$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$fi${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$erh$wlepp$rsx
tivqmx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$xs$kvs{$ws$ew$xs$fi0$sv$gsqi${lir$jeppmrk0${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie
sxliv$xler${mxl$xli$tvmsv${vmxxir$gsrwirx$erh$yrhiv$xli$wytivzmwmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih$mr$tevxmgypev$mr$gmvgyqwxergiw${livi
wygl$epxivexmsr0$tperxmrk$sv$ivigxmsr$mw$rsx$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw$sv$mrxivjivi${mxl
xli$weji$stivexmsr$xlivisj-2

Page 55

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
76$sj$7;
62$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$hs$er}xlmrk$xlex$qe}$sv$qe}$fi$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli
Pmriw$erh$mx$wlepp$xeoi$epp$viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$tvizirx$er}$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw2
72$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$mrxivjivi${mxl$sv$sfwxvygx$imxliv$xli$stivexmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$sv
xli$Firijmxih$Tvstvmixsv+w$eggiww$xs$xli$Pmriw$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$xli$xivqw$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
Fyvhir$64
Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi$f}$Epi|erhvsw$Vis$Wxeomw$,livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$&xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv&-
xs$Wgsxxmwl$L}hvs$Ipigxvmg$Xverwqmwwmsr$TPG$,livimrejxiv$vijivvih$xs$ew$&Firijmxih$S{riv&-0
vikmwxivih$57$Qe}$64640$gsrxemrw$xli$jspps{mrk>
52$HIJMRMXMSRW$ERH$MRXIVTVIXEXMSR
525$Mr$xlmw$Hiih$xli$jspps{mrk${svhw$erh$i|tviwwmsrw$wlepp$lezi$xli$jspps{mrk$qiermrkw>
&Eggiww$Tsmrxw&>$xli$eggiww$tsmrxw$f}$gvswwiw$gspsyvih$tyvtpi$sr$xli$Tperw${lmgl$jsvq$tevx$sj
xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}?
&Firijmxih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$,5-$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$xverwqmwwmsr$rix{svo$gyvvirxp}$s{rih
erh$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xskixliv${mxl$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$erh$,6-
xli$eview$sj$perh${lmgl$evi$s{rih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$yrhiv0$ytsr$erh$sziv${lmgl$wemh
xverwqmwwmsr$rix{svo$wyfwxexmsrw$erh$sxliv$ettevexyw$evi$mrwxeppih$sv$ivigxih$epp$ew$zevmih$sv
epxivih$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi?
&Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}&>$EPP$erh$[LSPI$xli$wyfnigxw$wls{r$syxpmrih$mr$vih$sr$xli$Tperw0$fimrk
tevx$sj$xli$wyfnigxw$ex$Qsvirmwl0$Omppmr0$vikmwxivih$mr$xli$Perh$Vikmwxiv$sj$Wgsxperh$yrhiv$Xmxpi
Ryqfiv$TXL5<668?
&Pmriw&>$epp$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$,ew$hijmrih$mr$wigxmsr$:8$sj$xli$Ipigxvmgmx}
Egx$5=<=-0${svow0$tspiw$erh$wxe}w$erh$epp$ettyvxirerx$ettevexyw$mrwxeppih$sv$xs$fi$mrwxeppih$sr
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
&Tperw&>$xli$x{s$tperw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?
&Wglihypi&>$xli$wglihypi$mr$7$tevxw$erri|ih$erh$i|igyxih$ew$vipexmzi$xs$xlmw$Hiih$sj$Wivzmxyhi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Evie&>$xli$evie$sj$perh$wls{r$ew$e$kviir$lexgl$sr$xli$gehewxvep$qet$i|xirhmrk$xs
;29$ligxeviw$sv$xlivif}$erh$fimrk$xli$evie$qiewyvmrk$gmvge$74$qixviw$imxliv$wmhi$sj$xli
girxvipmri$sj$xli$Pmriw$mrwxeppih$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$ex$xli$hexi$sj$gsqqirgiqirx$sj$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$erh$jsvqmrk$tevx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$erh${lmgl$evie$mw$hiiqih$xs$fi
wxivmpmwih$jvsq$jyxyvi$gsqqivgmep$jsviwxv}$tperxmrk?
&Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw&>$xli$gsrhmxmsrw$yrhiv${lmgl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$evi$xs$fi$i|ivgmwih$wix
syx$mr$Tevx$6$sj$xli$Wglihypi?
&Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw&>$xli$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi?

Page 56

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
77$sj$7;
&Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx&>$X[IRX]$X[S$XLSYWERH$X[S$LYRHVIH$ERH$JMJX]$IMKLX
TSYRHW$ERH$JMJX]$TIRGI$,†66069<294-$WXIVPMRK?$erh
&Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr&>$SRI$LYRHVIH$ERH$WIZIRXIIR$XLSYWERH$JMZI$LYRHVIH
ERH$JSYVXIIR$TSYRHW$ERH$WIZIRX]$JMZI$TIRGI$,†55;09582;9-$WXIVPMRK2
526$[livi$ex$er}$sri$xmqi$xlivi$evi$x{s$sv$qsvi$tivwsrw$mrgpyhih$mr$xli$i|tviwwmsr$&Firijmxih
S{riv&$sv$&Fyvhirih$S{riv&$sfpmkexmsrw$gsrxemrih$mr$xlmw$Hiih${lmgl$evi$i|tviwwih$xs$fi
qehi$f}$xli$tevx}$hirsxih$f}$xli$i|tviwwmsr$mr$uyiwxmsr$evi$fmrhmrk$nsmrxp}$erh$wizivepp}$sr
xliq$erh$xlimv$viwtigxmzi$i|igyxsvw$erh$vitviwirxexmziw${lsqwsiziv${mxlsyx$xli$rigiwwmx}$sj
hmwgywwmrk$xliq$mr$xlimv$svhiv2
527$Er}$vijivirgi$xs$e$Gpeywi0$Wglihypi$sv$Tevx$sj$xli$Wglihypi$mw$xs$xli$vipizerx$Gpeywi0
Wglihypi$sv$Tevx$sj$xli$Wglihypi$sj$sv$xs$xlmw$Hiih2
528$Er}$vmklxw$viwivzih$xs$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$evi$i|ivgmwefpi$f}$xli$xirerxw0$ekirxw0
iqtps}iiw0${svoqir$erh$sxlivw$eyxlsvmwih$f}$xliq$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi2
529$Xli$Wglihypi$jsvqw$tevx$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
62$KVERX$SJ$WIVZMXYHI
Mr$gsrwmhivexmsr$sj$xli$wyq$sj$JMZI$XLSYWERH$WM\$LYRHVIH$ERH$WIZIRX]$WIZIR
TSYRHW$,†90:;;244-$WXIVPMRK$temh$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv0$,xli
vigimtx$sj${lmgl$mw$livif}$egors{pihkih-$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$kverxw$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$fyx
wyfnigx$ep{e}w$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw2$Mr$ehhmxmsr0$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$eggitxw$xli
Wxivmpmwexmsr$Te}qirx$mr$jypp$erh$jmrep$wixxpiqirx$sj$epp$gpemqw$evmwmrk$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$erh$er}
gpemqw$xlex$xli}$lezi$evmwmrk$jvsq$xli$wxivmpmwexmsr$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$jvsq$jyxyvi$jsviwxv}
tperxmrk$erh$eggitxw$te}qirx$sj$xli$Xvii$Gvst$Gsqtirwexmsr$mr$jypp$erh$jmrep$wixxpiqirx$sj$epp
gpemqw$evmwmrk$mr$viwtigx$sj$epp$erh$er}$gpemqw$xlex$xli}$lezi$evmwmrk$jvsq$xli$psww$sj$xmqfiv
ewwsgmexih${mxl$xli$mrmxmep$gpievergi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$wezi$mr$viwtigx$sj$er}$gsqtirwexmsr
te}efpi$tyvwyerx$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw2
72$HEXI$SJ$GSQQIRGIQIRX$SJ$WIVZMXYHI
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$kverxih$f}$xlmw$Hiih${mpp$fi$i|ivgmwefpi${mxl$ijjigx$jvsq$xli$pewx$hexi$sj
i|igyxmsr2
82$S[RIVWLMT$SJ$PMRIW
Xli$Pmriw$wlepp$fi$erh$wlepp$viqemr$xli$tvstivx}$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv2
92$SFPMKEXMSRW$SR$XLI$FYVHIRIH$S[RIV
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$yrhivxeoiw$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$sfpmkexmsrw$wix$syx$mr$Tevx$7$sj$xli
Wglihypi
:2$RS$PERHW$XVMFYREP$ETTPMGEXMSRW

Page 57

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
78$sj$7;
Rs$ettpmgexmsr$qe}$fi$qehi$xs$xli$Perhw$Xvmfyrep$jsv$Wgsxperh$yrhiv$wigxmsr$=4,5-$,e-$,m-$sj$xli
Xmxpi$Gsrhmxmsrw$,Wgsxperh-$Egx$6447$mr$viwtigx$sj$xli$wivzmxyhiw$wix$syx$mr$xlmw$Hiih$jsv$e$tivmsh
sj$jmzi$}ievw$ejxiv$xli$vikmwxvexmsr$sj$xlmw$Hiih$mr$xli$Perh$Vikmwxiv$sj$Wgsxperh
;2$[EVVERHMGI
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$kverxw${evverhmgi2
<2$HMWTYXI$VIWSPYXMSR
<25$Er}$hmwtyxi$evmwmrk$yrhiv$xlmw$Hiih$wlepp$fi$hixivqmrih$f}$e$wmrkpi$i|tivx0${lswi
ettsmrxqirx$mw$xs$fi$ekviih$ytsr$fix{iir$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$erh$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv0$sv
jempmrk$ekviiqirx0$xs$fi$ettsmrxih$sr$xli$ettpmgexmsr$sj$imxliv$tevx}$,ejxiv$rsxmgi$mr${vmxmrk$xs$xli
sxliv-$f}$xli$Glemvqer$sj$xli$Wgsxxmwl$Fvergl$sj$xli$Vs}ep$Mrwxmxyxmsr$sj$Glevxivih$Wyvzi}svw2
<26$Xli$i|tivx+w$jiiw$erh$er}$gswxw$tvstivp}$mrgyvvih$f}$lmq$mr$evvmzmrk$ex$lmw$hixivqmrexmsr
,mrgpyhmrk$er}$jiiw$erh$gswxw$sj$er}$ehzmwivw$ettsmrxih$f}$xli$i|tivx-$wlepp$fi$fsvri$f}$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$erh$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$mr$wygl$tvstsvxmsrw$ew$xli$i|tivx$wlepp$hmvigx2
=2$RSXMGIW
=25$Epp$rsxmgiw$wlepp$fi$mr${vmxmrk2
=26$Er}$rsxmgi$wlepp$fi$wyjjmgmirxp}$wivzih$mj$wirx$f}$vikmwxivih$tswx$sv$vigsvhih$hipmziv}$xs>
=2625$xli$tevx}$gsrgivrih$ex$mxw$vikmwxivih$sjjmgi$,mj$mrgsvtsvexih$mr$xli$YO-0$qevoih$jsv$xli
exxirxmsr$sj$xli$gsqter}$wigvixev}0$sv
=2626$xli$tevx}$gsrgivrih$ex$mxw$pewx$ors{r$ehhviww$mr$xli$YO$,mj$er$mrhmzmhyep$sv$tevxrivwlmt-
=27$Er}$rsxmgi$wirx$f}$vikmwxivih$tswx$sv$vigsvhih$hipmziv}$wlepp$fi$ewwyqih$xs$lezi$fiir
wivzih$8<$lsyvw$ejxiv$mx$mw$tswxih2
=28$Xs$tvszi$wivzmgi$mx$wlepp$fi$irsykl$xs$tvszi$xlex$xli$irzipsti$gsrxemrmrk$xli$rsxmgi${ew
gsvvigxp}$ehhviwwih$erh${ew$tswxih$xs$xli$tpegi$xs${lmgl$mx${ew$ehhviwwih
WGLIHYPI
Tevx$5
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw
Xli$jspps{mrk$livmxefpi$erh$mvvihiiqefpi$wivzmxyhi$vmklxw$evi$mqtswih$sr$xli$Fyvhirih
Tvstivx}$mr$jezsyv$sj$xli$Firijmxih$Tvstivx}>
52$Jsv$epp$tvstiv$tyvtswiw$gsrrigxih${mxl$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli
Wglihypi0$xli$vmklx$sj$eggiww$xs$erh$ikviww$jvsq$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${mxl$sv${mxlsyx$zilmgpiw0
tperx$erh$iuymtqirx$erh$ex$epp$viewsrefpi$xmqiw$,erh$ex$er}$xmqi$mr$gewiw$sj$iqivkirg}-
xlvsykl$xli$Eggiww$Tsmrxw$sziv$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$ywmrk$vsyxiw$xs$fi$ekviih$fix{iir$xli

Page 58

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
79$sj$7;
tevxmiw$egxmrk$viewsrefp}$,fyx$mr$xli$gewi$sj$iqivkirg}$sziv$xli$qswx$tvegxmgep$vsyxi-$erh$xs
xiqtsvevmp}$tevo$zilmgpiw$xlivisr2
62$Xli$vmklx$xs$ivigx0$vi1ivigx0$gsrwxvygx0$ywi0$mrwtigx0$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$tvsxigx0$vitpegi0$viri{0
wyttpiqirx0$gsrrigx$mrxs0$viqszi$sv$virhiv$yrywefpi$xli$Pmriw$erh$xs$qemrxemr0$vitemv0$viri{
erh$vitpegi$xli$gsrrigxmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$xs$sxliv$ipigxvmgep$tperx$erh$szivlieh$ipigxvmg$pmriw$erh
sxlivw$mqqihmexip}$xs$xli$iewx$erh${iwx$sj$xli$Pmriw$ew$tevx$sj$xli$ipigxvmgmx}$xverwqmwwmsr
rix{svo$stivexih$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$erh${mxl$vmklx$xs$fvieo$yt$ws$qygl$sj$xli$wyvjegi$sj
xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$rigiwwev}$jvsq$xmqi$xs$xmqi$jsv$xli$tyvtswi$sj$i|ivgmwmrk
xlmw$vmklx2
72$Xli$vmklx$xs$jipp0$pst$sv$gyx$epp$xviiw$erh$wlvyfw$wxerhmrk$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie${lmgl$,mr$xli
viewsrefpi$stmrmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv-0$qe}0$,mj$rsx$jippih0$psttih$sv$gyx-0$sfwxvygx$sv
mrxivjivi${mxl$xli$gsrwxvygxmsr0$qemrxirergi$sv$weji$stivexmsr$sj$er}$ettevexyw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xli$Pmriw2$Rs$gsqtirwexmsr$wlepp$fi$te}efpi$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$xs$xli
Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$viwtigx$sj$er}$xvii0$wlvyf$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$jippih$sv$psttih${mxlmr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie$fyx$epp$xviiw0$wlvyfw$sv$sxliv$zikixexmsr$ws$jippih$sv$psttih$f}$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$fi$pijx$f}$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$jsv$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv2
Tevx$6
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
Xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$gviexih$f}$xlmw$Hiih$evi$wyfnigx$xs$xli$jspps{mrk$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw>
52$[lir$i|ivgmwmrk$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$xeoi
viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$qmrmqmwi$yrhyi$heqeki$sv$sfwxvygxmsr$xs$sv$mrxivjivirgi${mxl$xli
ywi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}2
62$Tvmsv$xs$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$er}$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli$Firijmxih
S{riv$wlepp$kmzi$viewsrefpi$rsxmgi$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$i|gitx$mr$xli$gewi$sj$er
iqivkirg}0${lir$rs$rsxmgi$riih$fi$kmzir2
72$[liriziv$rigiwwev}$jspps{mrk$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$vmklxw$kverxih$mr$Tevx$5$sj$xli$Wglihypi0$xli
Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$imxliv$,ex$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$stxmsr-$,m-$qeoi$kssh$erh$viwxsvi$xli
wyvjegi$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$xli$viewsrefpi$wexmwjegxmsr$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$sv$,mm-
te}$xli$tvstiv$erh$viewsrefpi$gswxw$mrgyvvih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mr$qeomrk$kssh$tl}wmgep
heqeki$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}0$erh$mj$jsv$er}$viewsr$xli$heqeki$gerrsx$fi$qehi$kssh$sv$mj
xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$xlswi$hivmzmrk$vmklx$jvsq$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$lezi$wyjjivih$er}$hmvigx
psww$sv$mrgyvvih$ehhmxmsrep$i|tirwi$hmvigxp}$exxvmfyxefpi$xs$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv+w$jempyvi$xs$hs
ws0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$te}$gsqtirwexmsr$xs$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mxw$jsviwemhw$ex$e
jemv$erh$iuymxefpi$vexi2
82$Ws$jev$ew$mw$viewsrefp}$tvegxmgefpi$erh$jsv$ws$psrk$ew$xli$Pmriw$evi$ywih$jsv$sv$mr$gsrrigxmsr
{mxl$xli$xverwqmwwmsr$sv$hmwxvmfyxmsr$sj$ipigxvmgmx}0$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Pmriw$mr
kssh$vitemv$erh$gsrhmxmsr$sv$virhivih$tivqerirxp}$weji2
92$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$te}$gsqtirwexmsr$,xs$fi$gepgypexih$lezmrk$vikevh$xs$xli$xlir
stir$qevoix$zepyi$sj$xli$xmqfiv$gsrgivrih-$xs$xli$s{riv$jsv$xli$xmqi$fimrk$sj$xli$Fyvhirih

Page 59

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
7:$sj$7;
Tvstivx}$jsv$er}${mrhfps{$sggyvvmrk${mxlmr$e$jmzi$}iev$tivmsh$jspps{mrk$xli$jippmrk$sj$xviiw$sr$xli
Wivzmxyhi$Evie0${livi$wygl${mrhfps{$mw$ew$xli$viwypx$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw2
:2$Epp$jippmrk$sv$psttmrk$wlepp$fi$hsri$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$fiwx$jsviwxv}$lywferhv}$erh$tvegxmgi
erh$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$e$qixlsh$wxexiqirx$xs$fi$ettvszih$f}$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv0$egxmrk
viewsrefp}2
;2$Xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$wlepp$oiit$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$mrhiqrmjmih$ekemrwx$epp$pmefmpmxmiw
mrgyvvih0$epp$heqeki$erh$psww$wyjjivih0$epp$gpemqw0$hiqerhw0$egxmsrw$erh$tvsgiihmrkw$evmwmrk$f}
viewsr$sj$xli$i|ivgmwi$sj$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Vmklxw$sv$jempyvi$xs$gsqtp}${mxl$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Gsrhmxmsrw
,i|gitxmrk$er}$wygl$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw$ew$qe}$evmwi$ew$e$viwypx$sj$xli$rikpmkirx$sv
{vsrkjyp$egx$sj$xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$sv$mxw$wivzerxw$sv$ekirxw-$tvszmhih$xlex$xli$Fyvhirih
S{riv${mpp$rsx$wixxpi$sv$gsqtvsqmwi$er}$egxmsrw0$gpemqw$sv$hiqerhw${mxlsyx$xli$tvmsv$gsrwirx
sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv$,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih-2
Tevx$7
Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv+w$Sfpmkexmsrw
52$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx>
,e-$qeoi$er}$epxivexmsr$xs$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie0$rsv$tperx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$sv$ivigx$er}$wxvygxyvi
sr$sv$sziv$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie?
,f-$hs$er}xlmrk${livif}$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$sr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$sv$xlswi$tevxw$sj$xli
Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$mqqihmexip}$ehnegirx$xlivixs$wlepp$fi$vemwih$ws$ew$xs$epxiv$xli$hmwxergi
fix{iir$xli$pizip$sj$xli$kvsyrh$erh$xli$Pmriw0$rsv
,g-$tivqmx$er}$wxvygxyvi$sr$xli$Fyvhirih$Tvstivx}$xs$fi${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie$erh$wlepp$rsx
tivqmx$er}$xvii$sv$wlvyf$xs$kvs{$ws$ew$xs$fi0$sv$gsqi${lir$jeppmrk0${mxlmr$xli$Wivzmxyhi$Evie
sxliv$xler${mxl$xli$tvmsv${vmxxir$gsrwirx$erh$yrhiv$xli$wytivzmwmsr$sj$xli$Firijmxih$S{riv
,wygl$gsrwirx$rsx$xs$fi$yrviewsrefp}${mxlliph$sv$hipe}ih$mr$tevxmgypev$mr$gmvgyqwxergiw${livi
wygl$epxivexmsr0$tperxmrk$sv$ivigxmsr$mw$rsx$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw$sv$mrxivjivi${mxl
xli$weji$stivexmsr$xlivisj-2
62$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$hs$er}xlmrk$xlex$qe}$sv$qe}$fi$pmoip}$xs$geywi$heqeki$xs$xli
Pmriw$erh$mx$wlepp$xeoi$epp$viewsrefpi$tvigeyxmsrw$xs$tvizirx$er}$heqeki$xs$xli$Pmriw2
72$Xli$Fyvhirih$S{riv$wlepp$rsx$mrxivjivi${mxl$sv$sfwxvygx$imxliv$xli$stivexmsr$sj$xli$Pmriw$sv
xli$Firijmxih$Tvstvmixsv+w$eggiww$xs$xli$Pmriw$mr$eggsvhergi${mxl$xli$xivqw$sj$xlmw$Hiih2
Fyvhir$65
I|tperexsv}$Rsxi>
Xli$hiwgvmtxmsrw$sj$xli$fyvhirih$erh$firijmxih$tvstivxmiw$mr$er}$hiih$vikmwxivih$mr$xivqw$sj
wigxmsrw$8$erh$;9$sj$xli$Xmxpi$Gsrhmxmsrw$,Wgsxperh-$Egx$6447$mr$xlmw$Xmxpi$Wliix$evi$gsvvigx$ew$ex
xli$wxexih$hexi$sj$vikmwxvexmsr$sj$wygl$hiih2

Page 60

66356364670$58>5= WgsxPMW$1$Xmxpi$Mrjsvqexmsr$1$TXL5<668
7;$sj$7;
Xlmw$mw$e$Gst}${lmgl$vijpigxw$xli$tswmxmsr$ex$xli$hexi$xli$Xmxpi$Wliix${ew$pewx$ythexih2
Œ$Gvs{r$gst}vmklx$6467

Page 61

No embedded text on this page.

Page 62

Perth and Argyll Conservancy
Upper Battleby
Redgorton
Perth
PH1 3EN
Tel 0300 067 6005
Fax 01738 827819
panda.cons@forestry.gsi.gov.uk
Conservator
Cameron Maxwell
Via email
Dear Sir/Madam
23 of December 2016
Morenish Woodland Creation scheme ref.:  16FGS10755
I am writing to provide an update on the progress of the above scheme.
Forestry Commission Scotland has, following a long and thorough consideration
of the proposal, decided to approve the revised woodland creation application at
Morenish. This decision has been taken following revisions to the scheme, which
account for the regional forestry strategy, the UK Forestry Standard, the
constraints on the site and the comments received through the EIA
determination period and the public register consultation process.
Morenish farm is a 170 hectare former farm unit on the north side of Loch Tay,
3.5km north east of Killin. Tilhill Forestry are the forest managers for the
scheme and advise the owner and there representatives.
The land was bought for the purpose of woodland creation.  The owner’s
objective is to grow softwood timber, primarily spruce for the sawmilling,
biomass and wood panel industries in due course, rather than e.g. a wholly
native woodland. 
The Perth and Kinross Forest and Woodland Strategy sets out a strategic vision
for the management of existing woodland and the creation of new woodlands.
Morenish sits with the ‘Preferred’ area of woodland creation in the strategy. The
description of this area states that this ‘land will offer the greatest scope to
accommodates future expansion of a range of woodland types, and hence, to
deliver a very wide range of objectives’ and ‘within preferred areas sensitivities
are, in general, likely to be limited, and it should be possible to address and

Page 63

Page 2
particular sites issues within well designed proposals that meet the UKFS’ (Perth
& Kinross Woodland Strategy, 2014, p25). 
The site has a number of sensitive sites or designated sites around it, including
the Tay SAC, Ben Lawers SSSI and Morenish Meadows SSSI. However, there
are no specific designations on this site and therefore, it has been concluded
that a well designed woodland, which meets the UKFS would be an acceptable
proposal. There is a long and well established history of the creation of mixed
productive woodland throughout rural Perthshire. This woodland is proposed in
an area deemed suitable for expansion within the strategy.
I acknowledge the concerns raised regarding the view that the proposal does
not meet the key themes of the Scottish Forestry Strategy. Each and every
woodland, whether existing or new, is unlikely to meet every theme fully.
Different woodlands in different locations will help deliver against some but
rarely all of the themes. For example a productive conifer scheme in remote
Scotland will deliver against some themes which a mixed broadleaved small
woodland in an urban setting will not. This proposal delivers against the climate
change theme through the sequestration of C02, it delivers against the Timber
theme through the creation of a productive mixed woodland and it delivers
against the business theme through the creation of a sustainable resource
providing rural employment opportunities, increasing the asset value of the land
and diversifying the land use type in the local area. The creation of pedestrian
gates, pathways and tracks for forest management purposes will be available
for public access, and therefore, some recreational benefits will be realised. The
creation of over 13 hectares of native woodland, commonly associated with the
riparian zones on the site will be beneficial in biodiversity terms and help protect
the watercourses from degradation. As the forest is gradually restructured once
it reaches maturity, its biodiversity value will increase providing habitat for a
greater range of species. Our consideration is that whilst a productive conifer
seems narrow in delivering against the Scottish Forestry Strategy, there are
multiple benefits delivered, some of which are immediate, with many more as
the forest matures and develops over successive rotations. 
The UKFS is the forest industry bench mark for sustainable forest management.
Several revisions to the scheme over the process have ensured that the
proposal does now meet the UKFS. These are as follows:
- Species diversity: the UKFS sets out minimum species diversity
requirements. This proposal significantly exceeds these requirements. The
species composition is as follows: 
Species  Area (ha) Percentage of site
Sitka spruce 63.69 66%

Page 64

Page 3
Native Mixed
broadleaves
12.81 13.3%
Norway spruce 6.48 6.7%
Douglas fir 3.76 3.9%
Designed Open Ground 9.76 10.1%
TOTAL 96.5 100%
When the existing mixed BL woodland and non-grant aided open ground is
added into the figures, overall the forest will be as follows: 
Species  Area (ha) Percentage of site
Sitka spruce 63.69 37.8%
Native Mixed
broadleaves & existing
broadleaves
34.81 20.7%
Norway spruce 6.48 3.8%
Douglas fir 3.76 2.2%
Open Ground 59.75 35.5%
TOTAL 168.49 100%
- Access: the proposal was revised to ensure access was created along rides
to the key features of the site and from the caravan park to the open hill
above. 
- Existing woodland features: there are several areas of remnant native
woodland trees and groups of trees on the site. These will be maintained
and enhanced through the creation of open space around these features. 
- Open habitats: a thorough habitat survey was undertaken by a qualified
ecologist on behalf of the applicant. This resulted in several areas of open
habitat being left open and incorporated in to the open space which will be
maintained as part of the forest habitat.
- Landscape: landscape analysis was undertaken to ensure the design met
the UKFS. Amendments to the design were the softening of geometric
edges through the creation of more organic shapes and variations in
species composition to create diversity in colour and management
practice.
- Archaeological features: all the known sites will been left unplanted with
open space created around the feature in accordance with the UKFS

Page 65

Page 4
guidelines. The area around the cemetery in the part of the site near the
shore of Loch Tay has been left open with an access left open through the
creation of a grass ride form the existing farm track.
To account for the National Nature Reserve immediately above the site
boundary, a buffer of 50 linear metres has been put in place to minimise the
seeding effect of non-native conifers. This forest will be managed on a
commercial basis and therefore, it is highly likely that the conifer species will be
felled before large quantities of seed are produced. However, this cannot be
guaranteed, therefore, the buffer has been agreed with the applicant. It is
known that conifer seed dispersal is limited for spruce species beyond 50m.
A key element of the consideration of any proposal is the owner’s objectives and
their legitimate right to consider changing of land use. The UKFS acknowledges
this point, recognising that whilst any site may present a range of opportunities
for woodland creation, the owner’s objectives are the starting point for the
development of all new woodlands. The UKFS and supporting documents are
written to ensure only sustainable woodlands are approved but it does
accommodate a range of objectives. In this case, the owner’s objectives are to
create a productive woodland. The level of productivity which the owner wished
to achieve at the outset of this proposal has been modified though the revisions
detailed above. There has been much dialogue between FCS and the agents
acting on behalf of the owner to ensure the proposal does meet the UKFS. FCS
was not content to approve any new woodland at this location until all the
outstanding relevant issues had been addressed. We consider that has now
been done and have therefore approved the scheme. Whilst we understand this
will not meet the desires of some of the consultees who have expressed an
interest in this scheme, we do believe it does now meet the relevant standards
required.
The scheme crosses the boundary of 2 Community Council areas the scheme
was an agenda item at the Killin CC meeting earlier this year. Tilhill also
arranged a drop in session for the community and other stakeholders in Killin on
the 10th of June. We completed our assessment of the scheme for EIA after that
meeting, taking into account feedback from it, before determining on the 20th of
June that the revised scheme design and proposals were not likely to have a
significant environmental impact.
The Forestry Grant Scheme application for new woodland creation was then
approved in December 2016.  The operational work on site will be undertaken
over this winter and next spring.
Attached is a map showing the final scheme design.

Page 66

Page 5
Please contact me if you would like any more information.
Yours faithfully
Tom Davies
Senior Operations Manager

Page 67

Environmental Impact Assessment 
Determination Enquiry Form
Complete this form to find out if you need consent, from the Forestry Commission
(under the EIA Regulations 1999), to carry out your proposed work. 
Section 1 Proposed work
Please put a cross in the box to indicate the type of work you are proposing to carry out.
Give the area in hectares and where appropriate the percentage of conifers and
broadleaves.
Proposed
work cross Area in
hectares
%
Conifer
%
broadleaves
Proposed
work cross Area
in ha
Afforestation x 106 72 11 Forest
roads x 1
Deforestation     Forest
quarry x 0.5
Location and District Killin, Perthshire 
Please attach map(s) showing the boundary of the proposed work and also give details of
the operations. 
Section 2 Property details
Property Name Morenish Farm
Grid Reference (e.g.
AB 123/789 NN 590 351
Local Authority Perth and Kinross & Stirling
Nearest Town Killin 
Section 3 Applicant’s category (please put a cross in one box)
PE      Personal occupier x PU    Public ownership 
BU      Business occupier  OT    Other 
VO      Voluntary organisation  CT     Crofting tenant 
Section 4 Applicant’s type (please put a cross in one box)
LS  Lessee  OW  Owner x
TE   Tenant  TR  Trust

Page 68

Environmental Impact Assessment
Determination Enquiry Form Section 5 your agent or woodland manager’s details
Title Mrs Initials S Surname Creber
Organisation Tilhill Forestry
Address 1 Duckburn Park
Stirling Road
Dunblane Postcode FK15 0EW
Tel No 01786 821 666 Mobile 07827 873081
Fax  e-mail Sephera.creber@tilhill.com
Is this the address for correspondence? yes x No 
Section 6 Applicant’s details
Title Mr Initials A Surname Stakis
Organisation Andros Stakis
Address C/O Aitchesse Ltd, Riverview House, Friarton Road, Perth 
Postcode PH2 8DF 
Tel No 01738631949 Mobile 
Fax  e-mail graham@aitchesse.co.uk
Is this the address for correspondence? yes  No x 
Section 7 Sensitive Areas: Give the area of the proposal that is covered by any of the
following designations
Sensitive Area as listed in "Schedule 2" of the 1999 EIA Regulations Area
(ha)
Area in
hectares
a. Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) or Proposed Sites of Special
Scientific Interest (PSSSI) 0
b. SSSI's with a Nature Conservation Order (Section 29 of the Wildlife
and Countryside Act 1981) 0
c. National Park (NP) 0
d. The Broads 0
e. World Heritage Site 0
f. Scheduled Ancient Monument (SAM) 0
g. an area designated as  National Scenic Area 0
h. Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) 0
i. “Natura 2000” site - (European network of special areas of conservation and special
protection areas under the Wild Birds Directive) 0

Page 69

1
CDS Planning Local Review Body
From: Mark Myles <mark.myles@bidwells.co.uk>
Sent: 31 January 2024 11:43
To: CDS Planning Local Review Body
Subject: LRB-2023-50
CAUTION: This email originated from an external organisaon. Do not follow guidance, click links, or open
aachments unless you have veriﬁed the sender and know the content is safe.
Dear Audrey
Thank you for your letter of 17th January enclosing copies of further representations received in respect of the above
Notice of Review.
We appreciate that many of the points raised are not relevant from a planning point of view, but the applicants
consider that the orchestrated nature of the many similar comments are attempting to paint a misleading picture to the
LRB.
One of the responses is simply signed from ‘Jo’ with no address details which doesn’t seem to be normal practice.
That response concludes by saying that there is no demand for an additional farm shop in close proximity to the
existing enterprise at Tombreck. However commercial competition is not a valid material planning consideration. 
As is common across the country, and confirmed in the previous renewal of the planning permission on this site, there
is no requirement for all farm shop produce to be grown on the site in question.
The point raised by the Community Council (CC) about the title is also a misleading non-planning issue. Anyone can
call their home or their land anything they want, and on many occasions, mistakes are made by both the legal
profession and Registers of Scotland.
The applicant’s property was the last remaining property or residue of the Estate of Morenish, or Morenish Home
Farm. When the applicants purchased the remainder of the estate/farm, it was for some inexplicable reason at the
time, titled as Morenish Cottage. The applicants sold Morenish Cottage and purchased Tay Cottage as it was right in
the middle of the farm and successfully applied to operate it as the temporary farm shop as explained in our original
appeal submission. Farms have cottages on them which are not always related to the name of the farm. With
hindsight, the applicants believe they probably should have changed the name on the title to Morenish Home Farm,
part of the lands and estate of Morenish.
To suggest that the farm is simply a ‘piece of land’ is therefore not correct. Within the copy of the title provided by the
CC, you can see the various references to the Estate of Morenish and Morenish Home Farm, but ironically, it is the
Lands of Morenish Farm that have been sold off for forestry and Morenish Farm is now only a house and a few
residual acres. As explained in the appeal submission the applicants have disposed of 25 acres, but still have title to
the bulk of the land i.e. 350 acres.
Whilst the land was not grazed last season, it has most recently been the subject of a grazing licence with the
National Trust for Scotland under a management agreement with Ecoscot (Nature Scot). This was to facilitate the
improvement of both the Morenish SSSI and to persuade heritable graziers to remove their livestock from the Ben
Lawers NNR, by providing an alternative.
Contrary to what has been claimed cars have not been dumped at the site. They were the applicants family vehicles
until they were damaged by trespass grazing. Tups were allowed to repeatedly head-but the vehicles and vehicles
have subsequently been stolen and/or been repeatedly broken into and vandalised. 
Tay Cottage is also not derelict. It has been broken into and vandalised. The CC have refused to assist with any
representations or expressed concern to the Police as to the level of crime along the lochside.
Other issues raised relate to matters that did not form part of the original reasons for refusal of the application and are
also factually incorrect e.g. contrary to the views expressed, the LRB will be fully aware that the Development Plan
consists of both NPF4 and LDP2, and it is only in a situation where there is a conflict between policies, that the
policies set out in NPF4 would take precedent over the LDP2 policies.

Page 70

For the reasons set out in our original grounds of appeal statement we would therefore respectfully request that the
LRB allow the appeal and grant planning permission in principle.
Many thanks
Kind regards
Mark
To help protect your privacy, Microsoft Office prevented automatic download of this picture from the Internet.
Mark Myles
Partner, Head of Planning Scotland
Broxden House, Lamberkine Drive, Perth, Scotland. PH1 1RA
DD: 01738 230154 | M: 07717 512203 | bidwells.co.uk